河南省新蔡县第一高级中学2021-2022学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题

新蔡县第一高级中学2021-2022学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节；满分40分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A As of 2020, the world’s biggest lithium-ion (锂离子) battery is hooked up to the Southern California power grid and can provide 250 million watts of power, or enough to power about 250,000 homes. But it’s actually not the biggest battery in the world: these lakes are. Wait — how can a pair of lakes be a battery? To answer that question, it helps to define a battery: it’s simply something that stores energy and releases it on demand. The lithium-ion batteries that power our phones, laptops, and cars are just one type. They store energy in lithium-ions. How do the two lakes store and release energy? First, one is 300 meters higher than the other. Electricity power pumps that move billions of liters of water from the lower lake to the higher one. This stores the energy by giving the water extra gravitational potential energy. Then, when there’s high demand for electricity, valves (阀门) open, releasing the stored energy by letting water flow downhill to power 6 giant turbines that can generate 3 billion watts of power for 10 hours. Unfortunately, neither of the giant batteries we’ve talked about so far is big enough to power multiple cities. The two lakes setup requires specific geography, takes up a lot of land, and has high upfront costs to build. The giant lithium-ion battery in California can power about 250,000 homes, yes, but only for an hour. Lithium-ion batteries also require certain heavy metals to make. These resources are limited, and mining them causes environmental damage. Inventors all over the world are rising to the challenge of making batteries that can meet our needs — many of them even weirder than the two lakes. 21．Why is the world’s biggest lithium-ion battery mentioned in Paragraph 1? A．To make a comparison. B．To introduce the topic. C．To stress its importance. D．To declare a fact. 22．Which statement is true according