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高考英语语法总复习:一般过去时和过去进行时的结构和用法
一般过去时的结构和用法
一、构成
动词的过去式
二、用法
一般过去时主要表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态。
(一)表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态
这种情况与表示过去时间的状语a moment ago、yesterday、last night、an hour ago、just now、during the night、in 2009、last year、in the Tang Dynasty等连用。
例句1:Even the devil was an angel in the beginning.
魔鬼最初也是天使。
例句2:I am sorry I snapped at you just now.
对不起,我刚才不该冲你嚷嚷。
例句3:City met United in the final last year,and City won.
去年决赛中,市队与联队交锋,市队获胜。
例句4:It was very cold that night.Over my head was a gap in the reed matting of the roof.
那天晚上很冷,我头顶上的芦苇有一个缺口。
(二)叙述没有具体时间的过去动作或状态
这种用法中常不带具体的过去时间状语,只用动词的过去式表达。
例句1:Her thoughts often reverted to Italy.
她对意大利念念不忘。
例句2:The guests went into rhapsodies over the food.
宾客对食物交口称赞。
例句3:Could you please repeat your name ? I didn't quite catch it.
你能再重复一下你的姓名吗?我没听清。
例句4:The flood of women into the job market boosted economic growth and changed US society in many ways.
妇女们大量涌入人才市场刺激了经济增长,也从很多方面改变了美国社会。
(三)表示过去将来的动作
在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,用一般过去时表示过去将来的动作。
例句1:Alice said she would come if I promised to wait for her.
埃利斯说如果我答应等他,她会来的。
例句2:Jack told me that as soon as he arrived,he would ring me up.
(四)表示过去习惯性的动作
例句1:She displayed great fixity of purpose.
她目标始终如一。
例句2:We often played badminton together.
我们经常在一起打羽毛球。
例句3:Sometimes we heatedly discussed these problems.
有时我们热烈的讨论这些问题。
例句4:Whenever she called on him in those years,she brought him a bottle of good wine.
在那些年,每次她去拜访他,都要带给他一瓶好酒。
(五)表示某种感情色彩
例句1:You deserved it !
你活该!(责备)
例句2:He asked for it.
他这是自找的。(责备)
例句3:I told you that.
我早就告诉过你。(责备)
(六)前一会儿发生的事也要用过去时表示
例句1:Colin left just now.
克林刚走。
例句2:Did the doorbell ring ?
门铃响了吗?
例句3:My passport has disappeared: it was in my pocket a moment ago.
我的护照丢了,刚才还在口袋里呢。
(七)在叙述性文字(如小说、故事等)中用这个时态较多
例子:Last night,at 10 p.m.,after my usual exhausting day,i.e. got up at 6,got S up,dressed,fed,ready for school,took DH's dog outside,managed to suck down only one cup of coffee,got the kid let to school on time,remembered to kiss the four year old before I left.
和平常一样,到昨晚十点,我才结束了疲惫不堪的