Unit 3 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas — Comprehending-2021-2022学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册【提分教练】同步Word教参(外研版)
语言能力 | 核心单词 | decade, elderly, sympathy, furniture, leadership, organic, humble, compete, emphasise, reconstruction, journalist, initiative, solid, occupation, component, category, expand, emotional, intention, adaptation, accessible, tendency, secondary, urgently, convincing, apply, add |
核心短语 | a bunch of, pop up, pave the way, focus on, drop in, drop by, replace...with..., tear down, change into, more than | |
语法 | 过去进行时的被动语态 | |
写作 | 关于变化的作文 | |
学习能力 | 能够掌握基本的阅读技巧，理解文章大意，掌握过去完成时的被动语态这一语法项目，学会写关于对比同一事物变化的文章。 | |
文化意识 | 通过学习本单元，了解在科技迅速发展的社会中，只有与时俱进、不断创新，旧的事物才能保持生命力，取得更长远的发展。 | |
思维品质 | 能够从语篇中提取主要信息和观点，理解语篇意义以及语篇中显性或隐性的逻辑关系；可以在听力过程中理解要义，识别其中的要点以及论证方式。 | |
In the Hollywood movie The Martian, actor Matt Damon plays an astronaut who grows food on Mars to survive alone on the red planet.
After seeing the movie, Washington State University physicist Michael Allen and University of Idaho food scientist Helen Joyner decided to carry out a case study helping students figure out how to farm on Mars.In the case study, students 
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have to imagine they are mining on Mars and decide how to feed themselves there before starting on the journey.They get advice from Allen and Joyner on how to select crops and take the challenges of growing crops over long periods on Mars.Students use a scoring system to select three foods to plant on Mars.
Allen found the results impressive: among 30 students, “no two people have ever gotten the same answer”， he said.
Human travellers to Mars will likely have to make use of resources on the planet rather than take everything they need with them on a spaceship.This means farming their own food on another planet, one that has a very different ecosystem from Earth's.
One challenge for those who would like to live on Mars is the fact that there can be no farming tools.Like real astronauts, students taking part in the study cannot take a lot of farming tools with them.As Joyner put it to his student astronauts，“You are starting with nothing.”
Besides, students also have to deal with a very limited choice of diet.“If I had to eat a single food for the rest of my life, could I do it？” Joyner asked.
But Allen believes the case study is about more than farming and eating on the red planet.“I'm not teaching about growing food on Mars，” Allen said.“I'm teaching about living with choices. I'm teaching about problem solving.”
[词汇积累]
1.survive vt.幸存；幸免于；比……活得长 vi.幸存
2.carry out 执行，实施
3.figure out 理解；计算出；想出
4.imagine v.想象，猜想
5.challenge n.挑战；怀疑v.向……挑战；对……质疑
6.impressive adj.令人钦佩的；给人以深刻印象的
7.make use of使用，利用
8.rather than而不是
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9.take part in参加；参与
10.deal with处理；涉及
[词汇拓展]
1.predict v.预言；预料
2.risk v.& n.冒险
3.reliable adj.可依靠的；可依赖的
4.optimistic adj.乐观的；乐观主义的
5.definitely adv.无疑地；确定地
6.eventually adv.最后；终于
7.date back to 追溯到
8.be located in 坐落于……
9.set up 建立
[难句剖析]
One challenge for those who would like to live on Mars is the fact that there can be no farming tools.
分析：本句中who引导的定语从句修饰先行词those, that 引导的是同位语从句。
翻译： 对于那些想要生活在火星上的人来说，一个挑战就是没有农具。
[阅读思考]
Is the ecosystem on Mars similar to that on earth?
No, it is very different.
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas — Comprehending
Ⅰ.词汇互译
1. elderly adj.年老的
2. sympathy n.同情
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