Unit 1 Period Three　Using language(1)—Grammar-2021-2022学年高一英语【步步高】学习笔记（外研版2019必修二）word

Period Three　Using language(1)—Grammar Learning Aims(学习目标) Grammar—Modals(1)(重点难点) 感知以下课文原句，并完成方框下面的练习 1．...I was able to hold a knife and fork—and chopsticks! 2．But there are still some dishes that Dad dare not try even after many years of marriage to my mother. 3．...Mum and I just have to find a way to get him into the kitchen! 4．...we’d better not eat too much roast food as it may make us suffer from heat inside our bodies... 5．“You needn’t try it if you don’t want to，” Mum said... Ⅰ.Choose the meanings of the words in bold above. A．Be afraid to do something. B．Not be necessary to do something. C．Give advice to do or not to do something. D．Be necessary or give strong advice to do something. E．Have the ability to do something. 1．E　2.A　3.D　4.C　5.B Ⅱ.情态动词变否定式，要在其后直接加not，如：句2,4,5。 一、基本特征 1．情态动词有一定的词义，不能单独作谓语，需和实义动词或系动词一起作谓语。 She can speak English though she is six. 尽管她才6岁，但她会说英语。 2．情态动词一般无人称和数的变化，个别情态动词有现在时和过去时两种时态变化。 They must be in the classroom. 他们一定在教室里。 3．构成否定句时，not放在其后面。 The young man can’t carry the big stone. 这个年轻人搬不动那块大石头。 4．情态动词后接动词原形。 You have to do as I told you. 你得照我告诉你的去做。 二、基本用法 1．can与be able to (1)can只有现在时和过去时(could)，而be able to则有更多的时态变化，在非谓语动词中只能用be able to。 Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill. 能够以有意义的方式交流想法是一项宝贵的技能。 (2)can一般指自身具有的能力，而be able to则表示经过一段时间的努力后所具有的能力，相当于manage to do或succeed in doing。 (3)在否定结构中was/were able to与could没有区别。 She ran fast but she couldn’t/wasn’t able to catch the bus.她跑得很快可还是没能赶上公交车。 2．need的用法 (1)need作情态动词时，后跟动词原形，表示“需要，有必要”，无人称和数的变化，多用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中。 —Need I finish the work today? —Yes，you must/have to./No，you needn’t. ——我需要今天干完这活吗？ ——是的，你必须干完。/不用，你不必干完。 There’s plenty of time.You needn’t drive so fast. 时间很充足，你不必开这么快。 注意：由need引起的一般疑问句，肯定回答常用must或have to；否定回答常用needn’t。 (2)need作实义动词时，后可接名词、动名词、不定式等，有人称、时态和数的变化。 The bike needs repairing. ＝The bike needs to be repaired. 这辆自行车需要修理。 3．have to与must (1)have to“不得不”，有时态、人称和数的变化，其否定形式为don’t/didn’t have to。 It’s too late.I have to go home now. 天色太晚了