U10 Lesson 1-2021-2022学年高二英语教学课件+音视频素材（北师大2019版选择性必修四）

Unit 10 Grammar Passive forms in the past 被动语态        英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，当我们不知道动作的执行者，或没必要提及动作的执行者，或强调动作的承受者等时，常用被动语态。 e.g. We clean the classroom every day.  我们每天打扫教室。 (主动语态，主语we是clean这一动作的执行者) The classroom is cleaned every day.  教室每天被打扫。 (被动语态，主语the classroom是clean这一动作的承受者) 时态 被动语态结构 例句 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 am/is/are + done We clean the classroom every day. The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 一般将来时 will/shall /be going to + be done They will plant trees tomorrow. Tress will be planted by them tomorrow. 现在进行时 am/is/are + being done She is watering the flowers. The flowers are being watered by her. 现在完成时 have/has + been done Jim has finished the work. The work has been finished by Jim. 4 Read the sentences. Underline the passive forms. What tense is used in each sentence? 1. The concept was first talked about as long ago as in the 1920s. 2. In the 1950S, an attempt was made by two scientists to prove the theory mathematically. 3. Once the parcel had been received by this person, he/she would send the parcel onto a contact of theirs until the parcel could be personally delivered to the correct person. past simple passive past simple passive past perfect passive past simple passive 观察归纳 4. Its name was used as the title of a play and then a film. 5. Soon the game was being played in universities across the United States. past simple passive past continuous passive 时态 被动语态的构成 例句 一般过去时 was / were +过去分词 I was invited to the talk show yesterday. 过去进行时 was / were + being +过去分词 The roads were being built when I passed by. 过去完成时 had been + 过去分词 All the tickets had been sold out before I arrived. 特殊结构的被动形式 1. 双宾动词的被动结构 双宾动词变为被动结构时, 一般将主动结构中的间接宾语变为被动结构中的主语, 直接宾语不变。 如将主动结构中的直接宾语变为被动结构中的主语, 间接宾语之前则应加介词to或for。 e.g. He gave her some money.  She was given some money.  Some money was given to him. 2. 带复合宾语的动词的被动结构 带复合宾语的动词变被动语态时, 一般将主动结构中的宾语变为被动结构中的主语, 而将宾语补足语保留不动(这时的宾语补足语为