高考英语易混词辨析归纳二(名词)-2022届人教版英语高三备考

高考常考易混名词归纳 考题再现(完填节选)： 例1.We need to consider what _______we will be using for language training. A. abilities B. appliances C. facilities D. qualities 例2. I saw Bob play the piano at John's party and on that_________ he was simply brilliant. A.scene B. circumstance C. occasion D. situation 常考名词辨析 1.cause,reason,excuse cause 是造成一种事实或现象的“原因、起因”，后接介词of; reason 是说明一种看法或行为的“理由”，后接介词for; excuse意为“借口、辩解”。如： Carelessness is the usual cause of fire. 粗心通常是火灾的起因。 You must tell him the reason why you won't accept his offer.你必须告诉他你不接受他的提议的原因。 Late again! What's your excuse this time? 又迟到了！你这次的借口是什么？ 2.mistake,error,fault 三个词都有“错误、过错”的意思 mistake几乎等于error,只不过error更正式，更常用于书面语 error强调“（道德方面的）过失”； fault则强调“（性格上的）小缺点”。 但以上三个词在一些固定短语中却不能混用。如 an error of judgment(判断错误）,by mistake(错误地）,find fault with...(找茬儿、挑剔） it is someone's fault(是某人的过错） It was a mistake buying that car. He can't forget the errors of his youth. Your only fault is that you won't concentrate. 3.joumey,trip,travel,tour,voyage journey 适用范围很广，可指陆、海、空的旅行，常指距离较远的旅行。 trip指短时间、短距离的旅行，与journey通常互换使用，常与其搭配的动词有make,take,go on等。travel泛指旅游，前面一般不用冠词，复数形式 travels多指旅行经历或到国外旅行，前面不能用many和其他数词修饰。 journey 和 trip强调往返性，而travel不侧重往返性，可以是单程旅行。tour指环游 一个地方。voyage指海上旅行或航海。如： Have a good journey/trip! This post involves a large amount of foreign travel. He made a tour around the city. Titanic sank on its maiden voyage. 4.sight,view,scene,scenery sight意为：目光；视力；视野；看到；景物，供参观或游览的地方；情景，景象。 view是可数名词，指从某一特定点观看到的东西、景物，尤其是美丽的自然风景。它还可以表示“风景画”、“风景照片”。 scenery是一个不可数名词，是大自然风景的总称，其中包含了许多个scene.如： Birds have better sight than dogs. We have a fine view of the lake from our hotel window. Various views of the coast hang on the walls. There are many beautiful scenes in the out-of-town park. Guilin is world-famous for her fine scenery. 5.habit,custom,customs habit指个人在长时间内逐渐养成的、一时不易改变的行为和习惯； custom则强调社会、民族经过一个较长时间过程而形成的“风俗”、“习惯”；customs为复数名词，意思是“关税”、“进口税”。the Customs表示“海关”的意思。如： He has formed the habit of saving money. Social customs vary greatly from country