内容正文:
Period Ⅴ 单元语法
授课提示:对应学生用书第51页
关系副词引导的定语从句
①I still remember the day when (=on which) I first came to Beijing.
②This program has set up a big stage for young people with a talent for music,where (=at which) some have stood out among them.
③The reason why (=for which) he failed in the exam was that he didn't study hard.
[我的发现]
1.在定语从句中要用下列关系副词:
·用来指代时间的when (在从句中作时间状语,如①句)。
·用来指代地点的where (在从句中作地点状语,如②句)。
·用来指代原因的有why(在从句中作原因状语,如③句)。
2.关系副词when,where和why可以用“介词+which”来代替,如when=on_which,where=at_which,why=for_which。
1.when引导的定语从句
(1)当先行词是表示时间的名词(如time,day,year,month,week等)且在从句中作时间状语时,定语从句要用when引导。
(2)when可以转化成“介词+which”的形式。
(3)当先行词表示时间,且关系词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语时,不能用when,而要用关系代词that 或 which引导定语从句(作宾语时关系词可省略)。
I still remember the time when I first became a college student.
我仍然记得我初为大学生的那段时光。
I have forgotten the exact date when (=on which) this country became independent.
我忘记这个国家独立的确切日期了。
I'll remember the days (which/that) I spent with you.
我会记得和你度过的那些日子。
2.where引导的定语从句
(1)当先行词是表示地点的名词(如place,room,mountain等)且关系词在从句中作地点状语时,定语从句要用where引导。
(2)where可以转化成“介词+which”的形式。
(3)当先行词是表示地点的名词,且关系词在从句中作主语,宾语或表语时,用关系代词that或which引导定语从句(作宾语时关系词可省略)。
(4)如果先行词为表示抽象地点的名词(如case,state,condition,point,situation等),且定语从句中成分完整时,用关系副词where引导。
This is the hotel where (=in which) they are staying.
这就是他们住的旅馆。
His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts.
他的父亲在一家生产收音机零件的工厂工作。
We have reached a point where a change is needed.
我们到了必须改一改的地步。
He gets into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong.
他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。
It puts me in a position where I can't afford to take the job.
这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地。
3.why引导的定语从句
(1)当先行词是表示原因的名词reason,且关系词在从句中作原因状语时,定语从句要用why引导。
(2)可以用for which来代替why。
(3)why只能引导限制性定语从句。
This is the reason why (=for which) he leaves so soon.
这就是他匆匆离去的原因。
[名师点津] (1)有时为了表达得更清楚,可以在关系副词where/when前加上介词to,from等。
(2)对一些特殊的先行词如time,day,house,place,reason等要注意具体情况具体分析,作主语、宾语和表语可用that/which引导定语从句,作状语可用when/where/why等或“介词+which”引导定语从句。
China is the birthplace of kites,from where ki