Unit 1 The written word 知识点学案（有答案）-2020-2021学年高二下学期英语牛津译林版选修八
Module 8 Unit 1 The written word
一、重点单词与短语：
1. appreciate vt. 欣赏，赞赏；感谢；领会
①appreciate sth. 欣赏/赞赏/感谢某物
②appreciate doing sth. 欣赏/赞赏/感谢干某事
③appreciate that… 欣赏/赞赏/感谢……
④appreciate it if… 如果……，则不胜感激。（类似有：like, dislike, hate, love, enjoy等）
I appreciate his generosity. 我赞赏他的慷慨大方。
He appreciated their confidence. 他感激他们的信任。
We shall appreciate hearing from you again. 能再次收到你的来信，我们将十分感激。
We appreciate your helping us. 我们感谢你们的帮助。
I appreciate that you have come here so. 感谢你来得这么早。
I’d appreciate it if you turn the TV down. 如果你关掉电视，我将不胜感激。
▲appreciation n. 欣赏，赞赏；感谢；领会 [u]
▲appreciator n. 鉴别者，鉴赏者；赏识者
▲appreciative adj. 赞赏的；有欣赏力的；感激的
辨析：appreciate与thank的区别
1) appreciate其后只能接sth.作宾语。
2) thank其后只能接sb.作宾语。
I appreciate your kindness. 我谢谢你的好意。
I thank you for your kindness. 我谢谢你的好意。
典题赏析：
1) I would appreciate _______ very much if you could give me some suggestions.
A. this B. that C. it D. you
2) We shall appreciate _______ the problem with you again.
A. to discuss B. to be discussing C. discussing D. having discussed
3) I really appreciate _______ to relax with you on this nice island.
A. to have had time B. having time
C. to have time D. to having time
2. have nothing/something/much/little/a little to do with…
与……没有/有些/有许多/几乎没有/有点关系
3. be lost to 不再属于……所有；对……无动于衷，未注意
My daughter was lost to me when she married. 我女儿在结婚之后就不再属于我了。
The opportunity was lost to them. 他们已失去了这个机会。
By his death, one of England’s greatest writers is lost to the world.
他的辞世令世界失去了一位最伟大的英国作家。
He was reading his book, completely lost to the world. 他在看书，对周围的一切都不注意。
典题赏析：
1) Older workers’ knowledge and experience can easily _______ the company when they retire.
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A. be lose to B. be lost in C. be lose in D. be lost to
2) The girl was reading a book under the tree, completely _______ the world.
A. was lost to B. losing to C. lost to D. was losing to
4. desperate adj. 不顾一切的，拼命的；令人绝望的；极度渴望的
①be desperate for 极度想要……
②be desperate to do sth. 迫不及待地想要干某事
▲desperately adv. 不顾一切地；拼命地
▲desperation n. 绝望，拼命 [u]
典题赏析：
1) An ant was drinking by a small river when it fell in. It made _______ efforts to reach the side, but made no progress at all.
A. negative B. total C. desperate D. careful
2) He has been out of work for a long time, so he is _______ to get a job.
A. special B. particular C. desperate D. stubborn
5. plot n. 情节；阴谋，密谋
vt. 密谋；绘制（图表）
①plot to do sth. 密谋干某事
典题赏析：
1) Some people argue that the death _______ does not necessarily reduce the number of murders.
A. penalty B. pattern C. plot D. practice
2) It’s a good idea to write a(n) _______ before you make a speech.
A. plot B. outline C. summary D. topic
3) The popular cartoon Mulan is a (an) _______ of a Chinese poem for children.
A. imagination B. plot C. story D. adaptation
6. generous adj. 慷慨的，大方的
①be generous with sth. 对某物慷慨
②be generous to sb. 对某人慷慨
③be generous in doing sth. 乐于做某事
▲generously adv.
▲generosity n.
典题赏析：
1) One should be generous _______ his time in assisting others.
A. to B. with C. for D. at
2) My friend offered to pay my plane fare, which was very _______ of him.
A. mean B. general C. generous D. gentle
3) Everybody likes to get along with someone who is generous _______ his money and dislikes _______ with someone who is mean with it.
A. with; to get along B. for; getting C. with; getting on D. to; to get along
7. vain adj. 虚荣的，自负的；徒劳的，无结果的
①in vain 徒劳，徒然，白辛苦（作表语或状语）
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典题赏析：
1) His efforts to raise money for his program were _______ because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets.
A. in place B. in sight C. in effect D. in vain
2) We were told to learn Martin Luther King’s speech _______ for homework.
A. step by step B. in vain C. by heart D. in advance
3) —Thank God you’re safe!
—I stepped back, just _______ to avoid the racing car.【江苏卷】
A. in time B. in case C. in need D. in vain
4) The thief tried to open the locked door but _______.
A. in no way B. in vain C. in effect D. at a loss
8. bent adj. 决意的，极想的；弯曲的；驼背的；不诚实的
n. 天赋，爱好 [c]
①be bent on doing sth. 决心干某事；专心致志于干某事
②be bent for 因……而改变，受……的摆布
③have a bent for 有……的天赋/爱好
典题赏析：
1) —What is Rudi up to?
—Rudi seems bent _______ finding a new job.
A. on B. to C. down D. over
2) I am _______ becoming a successful businessman so that my parents will be proud of me.
A. satisfied with B. excited about C. meant to D. bent on
3) A law can’t be _______ for anyone, even for those in power.
A. turned B. bent C. beaten D. meant
9. on the run 躲避；忙碌，不停地奔波
①in the long run 从长远的观点看来；终究，毕竟；结果，最后
②in the short run 从短期看来
③run across 无意间碰到，偶然遇到
④run after 追逐，追求
⑤run against 对……不利 ；违反；撞；和……竞选
⑥run away 逃走，离家
⑦run away from 逃避；携……而逃
⑧run into 偶遇；陷入
⑨run out 用完，结束；流出，突出 （主语是物）
⑩run out of 用完，结束；流出，突出 （主语是人）
run over 碾压 ，压死，压伤；匆匆看一遍
run short （某物）快用完了；（钱）不够用了
run through 匆忙看一遍；用完；扎穿，捅穿
run for 竞选
10. live up to 遵守，实践；符合，不辜负
①live by 以……为生
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