Unit 2 The universal language 知识点学案（有答案）-2020-2021学年高二下学期英语牛津译林版选修八

Module 8 Unit 2 The universal language

一、重点单词与短语：

1. universal adj. 共同的，普遍的，全体的；全世界的，宇宙的；公认的

①a universal rule 普遍规律

②a universal language 世界通用语言

③universal travel 环球旅行

▲universe n. 宇宙，世界；全人类

④the Universe 宇宙

典题赏析：

1) There was _______ agreement that every effort should be made to prevent the war from spreading.

  A. different      B. universal      C. ordinary       D. unknown

2) While there are some differences in the educational systems in many countries, education is_______.

A. regular　　　 B. universal      C. ordinary       D. normal

2. cast vt. & vi. 选派角色；投射，投向 (on, at)；扔，投，抛，掷，撒 (cast-cast)

①cast the blame on sb 归咎于某人

②cast doubt on 对……产生怀疑

③cast a shadow on/over 把影子投在……上；给……投下阴影

④cast a net 撒网

⑤(be) cast away 被抛弃；（船遇难而）流落某处

⑥cast down 使沮丧；使下降

典题赏析：

1) Wang Baoqiang was _______ as Shagen by Feng Xiaogang.

A. carved        B. cast        C. offered        D. thrown

2) In _______ film Cast Away. Tom Hanks plays _______ man named Chuck Noland.

A. a; the         B. the; a       C. the; the        D. a; a

3) The chairman asked the members to _______ their votes for or against the proposal.

A. throw      B. cast   C. abandon       D. offer

4) The rising admission prices of scenic attractions may cast a ____ over your plans for the coming holiday.

A. shame         B. shelter      C. shadow        D. shade

3. stubborn adj. 顽固的，固执的

①as stubborn as a mule 倔得像头骡子

典题赏析：

1) He is very stubborn, it is impossible to argue _______ what he doesn’t want to.

A. with him about    B. against him about    C. him into doing     D. him to do

2) Tom is a(n) ___ boy. Once he decides to do something, he won’t give it up whatever difficulty he meets.

A. stubborn         B. active              C. devoted          D. determined

3) According to our teacher, we should take detailed notes in class because they are more _______ than our memory.

A. active           B. reliable             C. honest           D. stubborn

4. condemn vt. 判刑，宣判；指责，谴责

①condemn sb to death 判处某人死刑

②be condemned to death 被处死

▲condemnation n.

典题赏析：

1) The judge condemned the criminal _______ all his life in prison.

A. to spend     B. spending     C. to spending      D. spent

2) Studies show that sunshine, fresh air, and plenty of rest often ______ a person’s recovery from sickness.

  A. arrest       B. accelerate     C. betray          D. condemn

5. dare vt. & vi. & aux. “敢，敢于，胆敢”，可作实义动词，第三人称为dares，过去式和过去分词为dared，现在分词为daring，后接带to的不定式（在否定句中也可不带to），否定句、疑问句借助于助动词do。

1) She dares to go out at night.

→She doesn’t dare to go out at night.

→Does she dare to go out at night?

→Yes, she does.    No, she doesn’t.

dare可作情态动词，无第三人称单数形式，其过去式为dared，多用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中，后接动词原形。

2) She dare go out at night.

→She daren’t go out at night.

→Dare she go out at night?

→Yes, she dare.    No, she daren’t.

①dare sb. to do sth. 激将某人做某事

②I dare say (that) 我想，我认为是；我敢说

I dare you to do it. 我谅你也不敢做。

I dare say that he will come. 我想他会来的。

典题赏析：

1) — _______ climb that tall tree?   —No, I _______.

A. Dare you; dare not                 B. Dare you to; don’t

C. Dare you to; dare not               D. Don’t you dare; dare not

2) No one _______ say that he could see the Emperor’s new clothes.

A. dare          B. needed           C. dared to           D. needed to

3) Being scolded by the teacher, the boy stood before him without _______ his head.

A. daring lift     B. Daring to lift      C. Daring lifting      D. dare to lift

4) After the glass fell to the ground and broke, the little boy _______ his grandma about that.

A. dare not tell   B. dared not telling     C. dare not to tell     D. didn’t dare tell

6. ask for sb.’s hand in marriage 向某人求婚

7. disturbing adj. 令人不安的；引起恐慌的，引起烦恼的

▲disturbed adj. 困扰的

▲disturb vt. 扰乱，打扰

①Don’t disturb. 请勿打扰。

②disturb the peace 扰乱治安

▲disturbance n. 动乱，骚乱 [c]；扰乱，不安 [u]

辨析：disturb与interrupt的区别

1) disturb “打扰，扰乱”，指打扰某人或扰乱治安等。

2) interrupt “打断，打扰；中断，阻断”，指打断谈话，中断节目等。

8. fall in love 相爱，坠入爱河

①fall in love with sb. 爱上某人

②be in love with sb. 与某人恋爱

9. at first sight 初次见面；乍一看

①at/on sight 见到立即；一见就

②at the sight of 一看见……

③catch/have/get sight of 看到，发现

④in/within sight 看得到，在视力范围内

⑤out of sight 看不见，在视力范围外

⑥in the sight of 从……的眼光来看

⑦lose sight of 看不见；失去（某人的）音讯；跟（某人）失去联络

典题赏析：

1) The travelers fell in love with the cottage _______.

A. catch sight of    B. out of sight    C. at the sight of    D. at first sight

2) The mother saw her son off until he was _______.

A. at the sight　　  B. in sight       C. out of sight      D. at sight

10. unwilling adj. 不愿意的，不情愿的；勉强的，无奈的

①be unwilling to do sth. 不乐/愿意干某事

▲unwillingness n. [u]

典题赏析：

1) More and more teenagers are _______ to follow advice, because they always think they are right.

A. unaware         B. willing         C. ready         D. unwilling

11. seize vt. 抓住，捉住；夺取，占领

①seize control of 夺取对……的控制权

②seize an opportunity 抓住机会

③seize sb. by the arm 抓住某人的胳膊

④seize hold of 抓住；占领

⑤seize the meaning 理解意思

典题赏析：

1) Suddenly, a tall man, riding a golden carriage, ______ the girl and took her away, _____ into the woods.

A. seizing; disappeared                   B. seizing; disappearing

C. seized; disappeared                    D. seized; disappearing

12. demand vt. 需要，需求，要求