第1讲 名词和数词【课件】-2022年高考英语一轮复习语法填空常考点分项突破（通用版）

第1讲　名词和数词 语法专项突破 * 感悟命题角度 01 * seasons numbers * 题型 高考典题试做 语 法 填 空 1．(2020·浙江卷)Later, they learned to work with the _______ (season), planting at the right time and, in dry areas, making use of annual floods to irrigate (灌溉) their fields. 2．(2020·1月·浙江卷)For Japan，the _______ (number) are more striking—22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050． causes invitations * 题型 高考典题试做 语 法 填 空 3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 that showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all ______ (cause)． 4．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She has turned down several _________ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. * 命题角度解读 1．给出名词的单数形式，考查其复数形式； 2．给出数词的基数词，考查其序数词。 核心语法精讲 考点二　名词的所有格 考点三　数词——基数词与序数词 考点一　名词的数 02 * 考点一　名词的数 roofs pianos * [题组试做] 单句语法填空 1．The paper was used for sealing up holes in walls and _____(roof) in the cold and freezing winter. 2．The ______(piano) in the other shop will be cheaper，but they are not as good. wolves passers­by stomachs * 3．Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that ______ (wolf) would kill their farm animals or pets. 4．I spent ten minutes walking up and down the high street, desperately avoiding eye contact with _________ (passer­by)． 5．An ant has two ________ (stomach). One holds the food for itself and the other is for food to be given to other ants. * [要点解读] 一、名词单数变复数的规则变化 变化规则 例词 一般情况加­s map→maps；girl→girls； house→houses；mouth→mouths 以­th结尾的词，加­s month→months；truth→truths * 以­s，­x，­sh，­ch结尾的，加­es class→classes；box→boxes； brush→brushes；match→matches 但是stomach(胃)的复数是stomachs； ox(公牛)的复数是oxen “辅音字母＋y”结尾的，变y为i加­es city→cities；country→countries； party→parties；factory→factories 注意：以元音字母＋y结尾的则直接 加­s，如boy→boys；toy→toys * 以“辅音字母 ＋o”结尾的词 一般加­es tomato→tomatoes；potato→potatoes； hero→heroes；Negro→Negroes； mango→mangoes 注意：1．少数名词加­s或­es均可， 如volcano→volcano(e)s； mosquito→mosquito(e)s 2．少数名词只加s，如piano→pianos； phot