第19讲 阅读能力强化训练（四）-【暑假辅导班】2021年新高二英语暑假精品课程(译林牛津版)

【暑假辅导班】2021年新高二英语暑假精品课程(译林牛津版) 第19讲 阅读能力强化训练（四） I. 阅读理解 1 Shortly after World War Ⅱ， a Dutch art dealer was arrested(逮捕) for secretly selling paintings by Vermeer (1632－1675) to the Nazis who invaded Holland during the war. Because Vermeer is considered to be one of Holland’s best painters, the dealer was charged with selling national treasures to the enemy. To avoid the punishment for this serious crime, he admitted that the paintings were forgeries(伪造品), or fakes—he had painted them himself and fooled the art world and the Nazis. Today, experts agree that the forgeries do not look like Vermeer’s other works. Why, then, did the art world accept the fakes as real? One reason why they were accepted was that the forgeries actually looked different than Vermeer’s other works. The dealer had claimed(声称) that the forgeries were from an unknown period early in Vermeer’s art career. Because painters’ styles often change throughout their careers, art historians at the time did not expect the “new discoveries” to look exactly like the known works of Vermeer. In fact, because they did not look similar to the known works, experts did not bother to look at them carefully. This is because experts expect a forger to copy famous paintings as closely as possible. Once the art dealer’s first forgeries were accepted as real, he was free to make more. The others closely matched the first paintings in style, so they were also accepted as real Vermeer paintings from the same early period. Another reason experts were fooled is what some historians call The Emperor’s New Clothes effect. In Hans Christian Andersen’s story, The Emperor’s New Clothes, two criminals convince an emperor that he is wearing beautiful clothes, when he is actually naked(赤裸的). No one in the empire wants to admit that they cannot see the clothes because they believe the clothes are magic and that only good people can see them. Similarly, the art world was influenced by a famous art historian, Wilhelm von Bode, wh