初升高暑假英语衔接课讲义：第二讲 定语从句二

第二讲 定语从句二 目标导航： 1.衔接第三单元经典背记和语法难点，锻炼认知策略中的复述策略 2.复习和掌握第一、二单元的基础语法知识 3.通过自我检测做一些基础检查和巩固提高，提高认知能力 一、知识整合 （一）概念 （1）限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句说明先行词的情况，对先行词起限定作用，与先行词关系十分密切，不用逗号隔开，也不可省略，否则全句意义就不完整。 限制性定语从句的引导词可用关系代词that, which, who( whom, whose), as和关系副词when, where, why。 （2）非限制性定语从句：非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作补充说明，没有限定作用，它与先行词的关系比较松散，不是关键性的，如果省略，原句的意义仍然完整。这种从句在朗读时要有停顿，在文字中通常用逗号与主句隔开。 引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词，指人时用who, whom, whose , 指物时用which , whose; 关系副词when，where, etc。（没有代词that和副词why）。 例：1. He studied hard at school when he was young, which leads to his success in his later life. 2. Tom's father, who arrived just now, is a famous scientist. 3. They set up a separate state of their own, where they would be free to keep Negroes as slaves. 4. He was proud, which his brother never was. （二）易混淆的关系代词的比较 (A) as & which as & which引导非限制性定语从句的区别： 1) 位置的不同：which 引导的定语从句只置于所限制的句子后；as位置较灵活，也就是说as可置于所限制的句子前面；插在句子中或放在句子后。如： 1. He was late again, which made his teacher very angry. 2. Jack, as you know, is an honest man. 或Jack is an h