内容正文:
Section Ⅲ Using language & Writing
情态动词(二)
Modals(二)
情态动词本身有一定的词义,表示说话者的情绪、态度和语气,和动词原形构成谓语。
情态动词在英语中使用广泛,它有一定的特点:①有一定的意义;②和另一动词构成谓语;③没有人称和数的变化(be able to和have to除外)。
一、can和could
1.表示“能力”,意为“能,会”。
Samuel,the tallest boy in our class,can easily reach the books on the top shelf.Samuel是我们班最高的男孩, 他能轻易够着书架顶层的书。
2.表示理论上的可能性,意为“有时可能会”,用于肯定句。
In today’s information age,the loss of data can cause serious problems for a company.在今天的信息时代,数据的丢失有时会对一个公司造成严重的问题。
3.表示礼貌的请求,意为“能,可以”。在疑问句中could可代替can,语气更委婉。
-Can you tell me your recipe for happiness and a long life?
——你能告诉我们你幸福和长寿的秘诀吗?
-Living every day to the full.
——过好每一天。
4.用于固定句式中:can not...too/enough“无论……也不过分”;“越……越好……”。
I can’t thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.
我非常感谢你在我们不在家时对我儿子的照顾。
二、may和might
1.表示许可和请求,在疑问句中might 比may语气更委婉。
Might/May I have a word with you?It won’t take long.
我可以和你说句话吗?不会耽误很长时间。
2.表示推测,意为“可能,或许”,通常不用于疑问句中。
-You needn’t take an umbrella.It isn’t going to rain.
——你不必带伞。不会下雨的。
-Well,I don’t know.It might do.
——嗯,我不知道。可能会下吧。
3.用于固定句式中:may as well+动词原形“最好;倒不如……”
Since it is raining hard,you may as well stay here.
既然雨下得这么大,你倒不如待在这儿。
三、must
1.表示义务、必要性等,意为“必须”。否定式mustn’t 意为“禁止”。
We must act as quickly as possible now.
现在我们必须尽快采取行动。
2.表示偏执,固执,意为“非得,偏要”。
If you must go,at least wait until the storm is over.
如果你非要走,至少等暴风雨停了。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.It was really annoying;I could not get access to the data bank you had recommended.
2.You must be Carol.You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.
3.-I can’t thank you enough for what you have done for me.
-You are welcome.
4.Hary is feeling uncomfortable.He must have drunk too much at the party last night.
5.An accident can happen in such weather.
6.You may leave the book where it was.
7.Must you make so much noise?
8.You mustn’t smoke here.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.I_can’t_promise_anything(我不能许诺什么),but I’ll do what I can.
2.We_can_eat_in_a_restaurant(我们可以去餐馆吃) if you like.
3.He_may_be_a_good_father(他或许是位好父亲),but he is a terrible husband.
4.He_might_get