2021年上海市中考英语冲刺专题讲义-宾语从句&状语从句 (教师版+学生版)

英语学科讲义 中考冲刺讲义：宾语从句&状语从句 宾语从句 一、结构： 主句 +连词（引导词）+ 宾语从句 二、宾语从句种类 · a. 由that引导的宾语从句，that无任何意义，可以省略。 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导 Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better. She says (that) she won’t take part in the sports meeting next Sunday. Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party. He said (that) he would like to see the headmaster. 注意： 在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的 从句也可算是宾语从句。 I’m sorry (that) I don’t know . We’re sure (that) our team will win . I’m afraid (that) he won’t pass the exam. · b. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句，if或whether表示“是否”，不可以省略。 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导 I want to know if /Whether you still work in the factory. He asks if /Whether we will go to visit the museum next week. 注意： 一般情况下，if和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether： ①在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided. ②在介词前：It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain. ③与or not连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not. · c. 由疑问词引导的宾语从句，疑问代词或疑问副词有意义，并在从句中充当一定的句子成分，不可以省略。 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词（what, who, whom, which, whose）或连接副词（when, where, how, why）引导 Do you know when we are going to Beijing? He wants to know who lives in this room. I wonder what he is doing now. I am really surprised at why he said so. 注意： 带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句。 I don’t know how far it is to the cinema . Please tell us how many students there are in your school ? Could you tell us how much it costs to fly to Hainan ? 三、宾语从句语序 　宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。 　Can you tell me who(m) do we have to see?(╳) 　Can you tell me who(m) we have to see?( √) The teacher asked the students what they were doing.(思考: what在从句中的成分) 注意: 当从句的原句为以下句子以及疑问词做主语(常用：which, who)作主语时，语序不变： What’s wrong?/What’s the matter?/What’s happening?/What’s the proble?/What’s the trouble? eg:I don’t know what’s the matter./Can you tell me who is over there? 四、宾语从句时态 · 1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定。 Please tell us where we’ll go fishing tomorrow. Do you know when Mr. Smith moved here? I don’t think (th