2021年上海市中考英语冲刺专题讲义-阅读D篇之任务型阅读 (教师版+学生版)

英语学科讲义 中考冲刺讲义：阅读D篇 D篇专项训练 一、解题技巧： 1. 通读全文。通读全文、弄清楚段落大意及文章的中心意思以及作者的基本观点、态度，正确理解语境。 2. 按题查读，即根据问题去寻找答案。 3. 简练作答。组织答案时，注意避免语言错误，如：时态、主谓一致、句子结构和拼写等。如需引用原文，要作适当改动，最好不要整句照搬. 4. 认真核查。逐一检查所填的词是否符合原文主旨和细节，是否答非所问，是否仍存在语法、词汇拼写等错误。 5. 答案形式要符合提问方式。如原文中提问方式为“why”，那么就要用“because”引导的从句来回答。 二、回答问题规范性： 1. 用How提问，回答要以by开头。 A．How did the judge solve the student’s problem? B．(The judge solved the problem) By making the restaurant owner hear the sound of the falling coins. 2. 用where/when提问，要以介词in/ on/ at等开头。 A．Where did the student live? B．In a small room near a restaurant. A．When did Eppie Lederer begin to write an advice column for the Chicago Sun Times? B．In 1955. (or: After she won a contest.) 补充：When提问的题目比较常见，但是要注意，一般不能照抄原文。看下面三种表达： When did you come to Shanghai? ①在2012年→In 2012. ②两年前→Two years ago. ③当我是小孩子的时候→When I was a boy. 通过这几个句子，可知when提问有三种回答方法： 介词+时间点；时间段+ago; when+句子。 注意：1）用时间状语从句回答时，when不能省略。 2）特别注意表示时间的词前面是否有约数词如about, around等。 3. 用how many提问，要注意数字前是否有限定词more than/ at least/about等。 A．How many readers do the two columns have? B．Nearly 200 million readers (around the world). 4. 用why提问，要以because(of) 开头回答, 或者以To do开头回答。 A．Why did the student feel afraid? B．Because the judge said he was wrong / he had only a few coins/ he had no money. A．Why did Lederer ask her readers to write letters to The U.S. Congress? B．To make them pass the law. 5. 用whom提问，要以介词with/by等回答。 A．Whom did Sam live with in the Wild Catskill Mountains? B．He lived with himself. 6. How long提问时要注意区分在现在完成时态中要用for+一段时间（since+时间点）开头回答，其他则直接回答。 A．How long have you stayed in Shanghai? B. For 3 years. B. How long did it take you to go to school by bus? B. 3 hours. 7. 注意回答时态： A．How was the food in the restaurant? B．The food was delicious/good. 8. 反义疑问句： Example 1. Both Eppie Lederer and Pauline Phillip love their jobs, don’t they? Example 2. Both Eppie Lederer and Pauline Phillip don’t love their jobs, do they? 肯定回答：Yes, they do.（是的，他们喜欢他们的工作。） 否定回答：No, they don’t.（不是的，他们不喜欢他们的工作。） 注意：前面