内容正文:
押新高考卷56—65题
语法填空
语法填空为英语语言知识运用部分的第二节,在一篇200词左右的语言材料中留出10个空白,部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式,要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容(1个单词)或所提供单词的正确形式。该题考查考生在阅读理解的基础上对语法、词汇和语言知识的掌握情况,着重考查考生的语言综合应用能力。具体考查情况如下。
由上表可知,近三年语法填空的考查情况比较稳定,考点涉及以下几个方面:时态和语态、非谓语动词、并列连词、介词、名词、形容词和副词、冠词、代词、三大从句等。近5年全国Ⅰ卷、全国Ⅱ卷及新高考卷中提示词类题和纯空格类题的比例均为7:3。
【失分原因】
(1)基础语法掌握不扎实,分不清句子结构,导致填词方向出错。
(2)对命题规律不清楚,填词混乱。
(3)不会灵活运用介词。
(4)语篇意识欠缺,导致时态出错。
(5)书写习惯较差,大、小写不分。
1. 通读全文——把握整篇大意,理清脉络。通读全文时也要注意全文的主要时态以及上下文的逻辑关系。
2. 分析句子结构——语法填空是以语篇的形式呈现的,因此所填的空与上下文联系十分密切,这就要求考生必须具备分析句子结构的能力,尤其是长难句。比如动词,解题时就要分析句子需要的是谓语还是非谓语,如果是谓语,考虑该使用什么时态,如果是非谓语,考虑该使用分词还是不定式等。
3. 注意分析语境,查前后逻辑——高考语法填空对连词的考查是重点,解题时考生要分析语篇的行文连贯性,根据前后单词、短语、句子的内容判断它们之间的逻辑关系。
4. 复读全文——在填完所有的空之后,考生有必要把整篇文章复读一遍。复读时,首先要注意全文的语境是否连贯,逻辑是否合理;其次,还要从词语搭配和习惯用法等角度推敲揣摩,检查语法是否正确;最后,检查单词拼写,千万不要因单词写错而丢分。
第二节(共10小题:每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)(2020山东卷)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, ___36___ (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big ___37___ until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, ___38___ (form) the core collection of the British Museum ___39___ opened in 1759.
The parts of a museum open to the public ___40___ (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum’s collection ___41___ (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.
Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine ___42___ (they) living at a different time in history or ___43___(walk)through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city’s Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical ___44___ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete