内容正文:
外研版
第二部分 专项突破
四 时 态
1 一般现在时的概念
一般现在时表示现在的时间内经常发生的动作或存在的状态。具体为:
1. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:
I get up at five every morning.
我每天早上五点钟起床。
It often rains there in spring.
那儿春天经常下雨。
2. 表示人或事物现在的特征、状态或能力等。如:
He likes drawing. 他喜欢画画。
They can play basketball. 他们会打篮球。
(一) 一般现在时
3. 表示客观事实或真理等。如:
Twenty and thirty is fifty.
二十加三十等于五十。
The earth goes around the sun.
地球绕着太阳转。
含有表示想法、喜好或者感觉的动作一般用一般现在时,而不用现在进行时。常见的动词有:want(想要), like(喜欢), love(爱), wish(希望), hope(希望), think(认为), understand(理解), mean(意思是), need(需要), see(看见), hear(听到), feel(感觉到)等。
[典例精析]
( )(2019•景德镇)The party begins, and then a clown ________.
A. appears B. will appear C. appear
解析:由前半句 The party begins 可知为一般现在时,前后时态应保持一致,后半句也用一般现在时。
答案:A
[小试身手]
用所给词的适当形式填空。
Mike always ________(finish) his homework before dinner and ________(go) to bed early.
finishes
goes
2 一般现在时的基本结构
1. 一般现在时的肯定句的基本结构
(1) 含 be 动词:主语+ am/is/are +其他.如:
He is a clever boy. 他是个聪明的男孩。
We are from Australia. 我们来自澳大利亚。
(2) 含行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其他).如:
I have breakfast at seven o'clock.
我七点钟吃早饭。
They help keep the air clean.
它们帮助保持空气干净。
在一般现在时的肯定句的基本结构中,应注意不同人称 be 动词或实义动词的正确使用。如下表:
实义动词 be 动 词
I like it. I am a student.
You like it. You are a student.
He/She likes it. He/She is a student.
We/You/They like it. We/You/They are students.
[典例精析]
( )(2019•平顶山)Mike does not go to bed early. He sometimes
________ in the morning.
A. felt sleepy B. sleep
C. feels sleepy D. sleepy
解析:He 为第三人称单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
答案:C
[小试身手]
根据中文意思,完成句子。
我从不吃快餐。
I never ________ fast food.
eat
2. 一般现在时的否定句的基本结构
一般现在时的否定句一般在实义动词前加助动词 do(es) not,后跟实义动词原形;或在 be 动词后面加 not。如下表:
实义动词 be 动 词
I/We/You/They do not like it. I am not a student.
You are not a student.
We/You/They are not students.
He/She does not like it. He/She is not a student.
[典例精析]
(2019•成都)改为否定句。
Mum wakes me up in the morning.
Mum ________ ________ me up in the morning.
解析:主语 Mum 为第三人称单数,故用 d