押全国卷28—31题 阅读理解C篇说明文-备战2021年高考英语临考题号押题（全国卷1）

押全国卷第28—31题 阅读理解C篇说明文 秘籍三 类型题3：词义猜测类 题型概述 题型破解 1 语境分析猜词义 解题指导　词义猜测常用的五种方法：1.基本构词法：根据前后缀、合成及词性转换去猜测词义；2.同义或定义解释法：上下文中以某种方式对其进行解释，如利用or, that is (to say), in other words, namely等词语进行解释，或利用破折号、同位语(从句)、定语从句等进行解释；3.前后对比法：上下文中往往对生词提供一定的对比背景，且常以反义或对照的方式出现，以此可推测出生词的含义；4.因果推断法：结合上下文的因果关系进行猜测；5.语境理解法：要准确猜测出生词的含义大多需要根据上下文语境去分析和推断。 [典例]　(2019·全国卷Ⅰ·B篇) ... But he's nervous. “I'm here to tell you today why you should ... should ...” Chris trips on the “－ld”， a pronunciation difficulty for many non－native English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support. “... Vote for ... me ...”Except for some stumbles,_Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him. ... 25．What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Improper pauses. B．Bad manners. C．Spelling mistakes. D．Silly jokes. 解析　A　根据第二段中的“you should ... should ...”以及“... Vote for ... me ...”这样的语句特点可知，Chris的演讲不流畅，也就是说有不适当的停顿。这是他表现不好的地方，与画线词后的句意“他完成得非常好”构成转折关系，与短语except for的语意相呼应。故选A。 2 就近原则猜指代 解题指导　猜测代替词的指代内容，要求考生判断代词(it, one, they, this, that, these, those, which等)或助动词(do, does, did等)具体替代什么。可按以下三步进行：返回原文，找到指代词→向上(有时向下)搜索，找最近的名词、代词、短语或句子→将找到的词、词组或句子代入替代该指代词，看意思和逻辑关系是否通顺，从而确定最佳选项。 [典例]　 (2017·全国卷Ⅰ·C篇) ... Despite the celebrations, though, in the US the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations. It's Jason Moran's job to help change that. As the Kennedy Center's artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture. 29．What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Jazz becoming more accessible. B．The production of jazz growing faster. C．Jazz being less popular with the young. D．The jazz audience becoming larger. 解析　C　根据上一段中的“the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with you