内容正文:
冲刺2021年中考英语阅读理解题型释疑与策略演练
13 核心技能之长难句分析
【题型策略释疑】
一、长难句类型
(一)带有较多成分的简单句。如:
Having chosen family television programs and women’s magazines,the toothpaste marketer,for instance,must select the exact television programs and stations as well as the specific women’s magazines to be used. 例如,决定选择家庭电视节目和妇女杂志后,牙膏经销商还必须挑选出要用的确切的电视节目和电视台,以及那些具体的妇女杂志。
在这个有30多个词的简单句中,动词-ing形式短语用作时间状语,不定式to be used修饰的不仅是women’s magazine,而且还修饰television programs and stations. exact television同时修饰programs和stations两个词,这在翻译中可以看出来。插入语for instance把主语和谓语分隔开了。
(二)含有多个简单句的并列句。如:
In the 1970s he was a surgeon at Yale,had a wonderful wife and five beautiful children,but he was terribly unhappy.在20世纪70年代,他在耶鲁当外科医生,有位出色的太太和5个漂亮的孩子,但他那时过得却很不开心。
在第二个并列句中,即在had前面省略了and he.
Discrimination(歧视) isn’t their only concern;almost everyone testing positive for the Huntington’s gene(基因) develops symptoms(症状) during middle age, and doctors can do nothing to help. 担心受到歧视并不是他们唯一的忧虑,几乎所有遗传性亨廷顿病基因检测呈阳性的人在中年时症状都会显现出来,而医生对此却无能为力。
三个分句均为简单句,分别用分号和and连接。
(三)含有多个从句的复合句。如:
I can’t live in fear of the possibility that as the earth’s population grows and we use more and more of our nonrenewable(不能再生的) resources,our children may have to lead poorer lives.我不能总是生活在对这种可能性的忧虑中:由于地球上人口的不断增长,由于我们正在消耗掉越来越多的非再生资源,我们的孩子可能不得不过着更加贫穷的生活。
在possibility后由that引导的同位语从句中还含有一并列结构的时间状语从句:as…resources.
However,those of us who are parents of children in this age group know that such offers are relatively rare and that many liberal-arts students(文科生) graduate with the belief that the prospective(预期的) workplace may not have a place for them. 然而,我们这些有这个年龄段孩子的家长们都知道,这样的机会少得可怜;我们也知道,许多文科毕业生认为未来的就业市场没有他们的一席之地。
本句的主谓语是:those of us know。know有两个由that引导的宾语从句,其中第二个省略了know。在主句中还有一个定语从句修饰those of us,在第二个宾语从句中还有一个同位语从句修饰belief。
(四)含有多个插入成分的句子。如:
His journey to the e-mail hell began innocently(无知地) enough when, as chairman of Computer Associates International,a software company,he first heard how quickly his employees had accepted their new electronic-mail system.他在电子邮