释疑演练07 试题类型之主旨大意题-冲刺2021年中考英语阅读理解题型释疑与策略演练(全国通用)

冲刺2021年中考英语阅读理解题型释疑与策略演练 07 试题类型之主旨大意题 【题型策略释疑】 【试题特征】 主旨大意题主要考查考生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力，它要求考生在理解全文的基础上对文章进行高度的概括或总结。其考查范围主要包括三个方面，即怎样理解文段的主旨大意、怎样选择恰当的文章标题及怎样捕捉作者的态度和意图。 【答题技巧】 （1）文段的主旨大意的理解 常见的设问方式： The passage is mainly about _________________. The first paragraph mainly tells us ____________ What is the text mainly about? 理解文段的主旨大意，找准文章或段落的主题句是关键。主题句在文章的位置通常有三种情况：主题句在文章开头，即先点出主题，然后围绕这一主题作具体的陈述。主题句在结尾。用归纳法写的文章，结尾的句子起着总结归纳、画龙点睛的作用。主题句在中间。通常前面只提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节在文中导出，当主题句出现后，又进一步用细节支持说明。 (2) 选择恰当的标题 常见的设问形式： The best title for this passage is _______. Which of the following is the best title? What would be the best title for the text? 标题是段落中心思想的精练表达形式。它的特点是：覆盖性强，一般要求能囊括文章的主要内容；精确性强，其确定的范围要恰当，既不能太大，也不能太小，要量体裁衣，大小适度；短小精练，多为一短语。在阅读全文的基础上，要仔细考虑所设题干哪一项与文章主题有密切的联系，再看它对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何。要防止本末倒置，主次不分，以点代面，以偏概全。 (3)推断作者的态度和意图 常见的设问形式： What is the author’s main purpose in this passage? The passage is trying to ___________________. The writer's attitude toward......is _______________________. 作者对事实的描述或提传递的信息，不管他的意图是什么，其观点和态度都不可避免地在文章中反映出来。这就要求考生在阅读时应特别注意文章的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词以及作者对人物语言、行为和思想的描写，从中领悟作者的写作意图和态度。 【策略运用】 One afternoon I toured an art museum while waiting for my husband to finish a business meeting. I was looking forward to a quiet view of the art works. A young couple viewing the paintings ahead of me chatted nonstop between themselves. I watched them a moment and decided the wife was doing all the talk. I admired the husband’s patience for putting up with her continuous talk. Distracted by their noise, I moved on. I met with them several times as I moved through the different rooms of art. Each time I heard her constant burst of words, I moved away quickly. I was standing at the counter of the museum gift shop making a purchase when the couple came near to the exit. Before they left, the man reached into his pocket and pulled out a white object. He extended it into a long stick and then tapped his way into the coatroom to get his wife’s jacket. “He’s a brave man.”The clerk