牛津高中英语必修第二册Unit2 语法讲练 现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态(无答案）

新牛津英语语法讲练六 现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态 被动语态的句法结构为“be+done+(by sb)”的形式，人称和数的形式在动词be上体现。因此： 现在进行时被动语态的句法结构为“is/am/are+being+done +(by sb)”的形式，表示某动作正在被进行，或现在某一时间段里某一动作一直在进行；有时这种结构里面含有“”这个副词时，表示说话者抱怨、委婉的责备语气。如： A new school is being built in our town. Some of the roads are being repaired now. The finishing touches are now being put to the new swimming pool. A new community sports centre is being built by the city government. Some trees are being planted by the students in the park these days. My letters are always being put in Mr. Smith’s mailbox. 不过，“am+being+done +(by sb)”的形式在实际中用得不多。 现在完成时被动语态的句法结构为“has/have+been+done +(by sb)”的形式，表示某动作已经被完成，对现在有影响。如： The room have been cleaned. What can be done has been done. The issue has been talked about. Jenny has been asked to make an exercise plan by her PE teacher. 注意：被动语态表示的动作，理应有动作的执行者，也就是可以有by短语;但是被动语态常常强调的是动作的承受者，所以by短语常省略。即使这个by短语省略了，我们也可以从句境中感悟到。为方便理解，这一点我们利用一般过去时的被动语态形式来讲解。如： The vase was broken (by Tom). 花瓶被汤姆打碎了。 (该句是被动语态) The vase was bro