内容正文:
第九讲:介词
1、 【考点解读】
介词是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系的虚词,在句子中不能单独作成分。介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类,短语或从句作它的宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组,在句中作状语、表语、补语或介词宾语。介词可以分为时间介词、地点介词、方式介词、原因介词和其他介词。
介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一,特别是一些常用介词的搭配力特别强,可以用来表示各种不同的意思。
2、 【知识讲解】
Mrs. Smith’s kitchen
Mrs. Smith’s kitchen is small.
There is a refrigerator in the kitchen.
The refrigerator is white.
It is on the right.
There is an electric cooker in the kitchen.
The cooker is blue.
It is on the left.
There is a table in the middle of the room.
There is a bottle on the table.
The bottle is empty.
There is a cup on the table, too.
The cup is clean.
知识点1——时间介词at, on, in 的用法
1. at
(1)表示具体时刻,如:
at three o’clock在三点钟
at half past eight在八点半
(2)固定搭配:
at noon
at night
at dawn
at dusk
at the moment
at first
at the beginning
at present
at last
at sunrise
at sunset
at the age of
at the same time
at dinner-time
at the end of
at Christmas
2. on
(1)表示具体某一天(包括节假日),如:
on March 8th, 2016在2016年3月8日
on Children’s Day在儿童节(at the Spring Festival)
on Sunday在星期天
(2)表示具体某一天的早、中、晚,如:
on Saturday morning在周六早上
on a rainy evening在一个下雨的傍晚
on a hot afternoon在一个炎热的下午
3. in
(1)表示月份,季节,年,年代,世纪,如:
in July在七月
in summer在夏天
in 2016 在2016年
in the 1990s在20世纪90年代
in the 21st century在21世纪
in his twenties在他20多岁
(2)后面跟一段时间,表示“…..之后”,指将来的时间,如:
in a week 一周之后
in a few months 几个月之后
I’ll be back in a few minutes. 我几分钟后回来。
(3)固定搭配
in the morning
in English
in a minute
in a hurry
in time
in the end
注意:this, that, last, next, every, one, yesterday, today, tomorrow, tonight, all, most等词之前一般不加介词。如:
this morning 今天早晨
(on)that day在那天 (that day更常用些)
last week上周
next year明年
next month下个月
every day每天
one morning一天早晨
yesterday afternoon昨天下午
tomorrow morning明天早晨
all day/morning/night整天/整个早晨/整晚
知识点2——地点、方位介词at, in, on, above, below的用法
1. at 表示在某个具体地点,即“小地方”(比城市小),如:
at home
at school
at the bus station
at the corner
at the top of
at the school gate
at the crossroads
at the foot of
at the airport
2. in “在…之中”,表示在某范围之内,或某个地方(城市,国家等大地方),如:
There are many books in my schoolbag.
My grandparents are in