内容正文:
第二部分 完形填空
解题策略
深度演练
第2讲 瞻前顾后重语境
内容索引
解题策略
语境就是指文章的上下文,着重考查考生根据上下文提供的信息进行分析、推理、判断的能力。考生要通过上下文的提示或暗示,对文章进行整体把握。因此,在做题时要有全局观念,开头的题目要从下文找答案,中间或最后的题目要从上下文查找信息,即使考查词组,也是在理解语境前提下的词义复现。
近几年的高考真题更侧重于考生对具体语境的把握,尤其是对整篇文章语义的理解能力。所设选项中,三个干扰项不一定是错误的,而是不符合所在语篇语言环境的特点,因此突出了语境化和整体性,主要涉及时间、地点、方向、情感、动作等。
真题体验1 (2020·全国Ⅰ)
Since our twins began learning to walk,my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window.The 41 is obvious.If we 42.admit it is a door,they’ll want to go outside 43 .
41.A.relief B.target C.reason D.case
43.A.gradually B.constantly C.temporarily D.casually
解析 上文提到作者和他的妻子对孩子谎称那扇推拉门只是一扇窗户,下文说如果告诉他们那是门,他们就会想从那里出去,这暗示空格处是解释原因(reason)。relief宽慰;target目标,靶子;case箱子,情况,案例。
1.根据上文提示
解析 根据上文并结合常理可知,如果承认那是门,孩子们就会不断地(constantly)想从那里出去。gradually逐渐地;temporarily暂时地;casually随便地。
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真题体验2 (2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)
The solution,of course,was to plant trees so the animals could seek 28 during the daytime.He turned to the 29 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there.
28.A.directions B.partners C.help D.shelter
29.A.labor B.police C.forest D.finance
解析 根据上文可知,问题是没有足够多的树,那么由此推断,解决这一问题的方式就是种树,这样动物们在白天的时候就可以找到“庇护处,遮蔽物(shelter)”。direction方向;partner伙伴;help帮助。
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解析 上文说Molai想种树,因此他寻求帮助的部门应该是与此相关的部门。labor劳动;police警察;finance财政。
真题体验3 (2019·江苏)
Emma had 42.never taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans.She 43 to live with male cranes,and even had a 44.reputation for killing some of them,which made it 45 for her to become a mother.
43.A.liked B.refused C.decided D.hesitated
45.A.illegal B.inspiring C.important D.impossible
解析 根据上文可知,Emma对人类有很深的感情;再根据下文中的“killing some of them...”可推知,它拒绝和雄鹤生活在一起,甚至有杀害雄鹤的名声。refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事。
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解析 根据上文可知,Emma拒绝和雄鹤一起生活,甚至会杀死它们。由此推知,这使它不可能成为一位母亲,此处用否定意义的形容词impossible。
真题体验4 (2019·全国Ⅲ)
But that 45 when a system of high-tech 46 was