英语构词法 课件-广西桂平市浔州高级中学2021届高三英语语法一轮复习

英语构词法 word-building 掌握构词法的重要性 1.有助于扩大词汇 care careful careless carefully carelessly carelessness carefulness 2.有助于了解词义 possible impossible fair unfair 3.有助于辨认词类 glory glorious operate operation 构词法 构词法： 合成(Compounding) 派生法(Derivation) 【前缀/后缀】 转化法(Conversion) 【词性转换】 　英语构词法还有：混成法，截短法和词首字母缩略法。 一、合成：两个或两个以上的词结合在一起构成一个新词 chair + man —— chairman（主席） mother + land —— motherland（祖国） class + room —— classroom（教室） super + market —— supermarket（超市） 二、转化：词形不变，词类转变 face n.（脸）—— face v.（面对） book n.（书）—— book v.（预订） park n.（公园）—— park v.（停车） 三、派生：在词前或词后加前缀或后缀构成 1、-er（……的人） farm — farmer 农夫 make — maker 制造者 prison—prisoner犯人 design—designer设计师 但 cook — cooker 厨具 post — poster 海报 Why did NingZetao become a dreamboat ? (para. 1) Because he has good looks and a perfect build, and also he won the first place in the men’s 100-meter freestyle at the championships. Conversion 转化法 一个单词由一种词性转化成另一种词性 look n. v. 外貌;表情 看 look at a look of pleasure Why did NingZetao become a dreamboat? (para. 1) Because he has good looks and a perfect build, and also he won the first place in the men’s 100-meter freestyle at the championships. Conversion 转化法 一个单词由一种词性转化成另一种词性 build build a house have a strong build n. v. 体形, 体格 修建，建造 Conversion 转化法 一个单词由一种词性转化成另一种词性 1. Jim dreams of being the best football player in England. His dream is to be the best player. 2. Please stop here, and it is the bus stop. 3. The car slowed down and the speed of it became slow. 4. Don’t use water to water the flowers too often. v. n. v. v. n. adj. n. v. 动词----名词 stop vt. 停止 --- n.车站 love vt. 爱 --- n. 爱 Watch vt. 观看 --- n. 手表 record vt. 录音 --- n. 纪录 comb vt. 梳理(头发) --- n. 梳子 abuse vt. 辱骂 --- n. 辱骂 常见的转化形式： 动词 --- 名词 名词 --- 动词