内容正文:
专题04单选题-介词及其用法
【方法总结】
1.介词和种类
(1) 简单介词,常用的有at, in, on, about, across, before, beside, for , to, without等。
(2) 复合介词,如by means of, along with, because of, in front of, instead of等。
2、介词和其他词类的习惯搭配关系
(1) 和动词的搭配,如agree with, ask for, belong to, break away from, care about等。
(2) 和形容词的搭配,如afraid of, angry with, different from, good at
(3) 和名词的搭配,如answer to , key to, reason for, cause of, visit to等.
3.介词短语在句子中的作用:
(1) 作定语 I know the answer to the question .
(2) 作状语 The children are playing football in the playground .
(3) 作表语 Mike is in the garden .
(4) 作宾补语 He found himself in the middle of the mountain .
(5) 作主补语 Tom was seen inside the classroom .
4、 常考介词的意义与用法区别
(1)表示时间的介词
A. in; on; at
介词
用法
例句
at
表示时间点,时刻等
at 12:00/at noon
at dusk/at dawn
at night
on
表示具体的日子或一个特定的时间(如:某日、某节日、星期几等)
表示特定日子的上午、下午、或晚上
on October 29
on a rainy day
on National Day
on Christmas Eve
on the morning
of January3rd
in
表示在某段较长的时间内(如:世纪、朝代、年代、月份、或泛指上午、下午和傍晚等)
in the 1980s
in the morning
afternoon/evening
in the Qing Dynasty
in October
B. in; after; later
介词
用法
例句
in
“在…之内”或“在…之后”,用于将来时,in后接时间段
TFboys will be back
in three days.
after
“在…之后”。通常“after+时间段”与一般过去时连用
Lu Han came back
after three days.
later
一段时间+later:表示某一具体时间或某一方面具体时间算起的一段时间后
She graduated in 1981,
and eight years later she
became the manager of the factory.
C. for; since
介词
用法
例句
for
后接时间段,表行为或状态持续了多久
I have lived in
China for 3 years.
since
后接时间点,常与延续性动词的完成时连用
I have lived in China
since 3 years ago.
D. after; behind
介词
用法
例句
after
主要用于表示时间
We shall leave after
lunch.
behind
主要用于表示位置
Lucy is hiding behind
an old house.
(2)表示方位的介词
A. over; above;on
介词
用法
例子
over
在…的正上方,表示垂直在上
There is a lamp
over the desk.
above
指在上方,属于斜上方
Raise your arms
above your head.
on
指在上面,表示两物体接触
There is a cup on
the table.
B. in; at
介词
用法
例子
in
后接较小的地点
at the bus stop
at home
at
后接较大的地点
in China
in the world
C. in; on; to
介词
用法
例子
in
在某范围之内
Shanghai lies in
the eas