Unit 5 Grammar-备战2021年中考英语一轮复习九年级全一册知识梳理(人教版)

Unit 5 What are the shirts made of? Grammar Focus 现在时的被动语态 1. 概述 英语中，动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。被动语态的基本结构为“be动词＋及物动词的过去分词”，其中be动词有人称、时态和数的变化。 2. 句式 肯定句 主语＋am/is/are+过去分词（＋by...). 否定句 主语＋am/is/are+not+过去分词（＋by...). 疑问句 Am/Is/Are+主语＋过去分词（＋by...)? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词＋am/is/are+主语＋过去分词（＋by...)? 3. 用法 用法 示例 表示经常性或习惯性发生的被动动作 I am often asked the question by my pupils. 我经常被我的学生问起这个问题。 表示近期正在发生的被动动作 These days people are moved by a brave soldier. 这些日子人们都被一个勇敢的战士感动着。 描述某种常态化的被动的客观事实 The spaceship is mainly controlled by computers. 宇宙飞船主要是由计算机控制的。 强调目前存在的针对行为主体人的被限制性动作。 You aren't allowed to take photos. 不允许你拍照。 4. 主动语态变为被动语态的方法 第一步：将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语； 第二步：将主动语态的谓语改为“be+及物动词的过去分词”结构； 第三步：将主动语态的主语改为介词by的宾语，放在谓语之后（有时可省略）。 主动语态：They(主语）grow(谓语）tea plants(宾语）in the south-east of China. 被动语态：Tea plants(主语）are grown(谓语）by them in the south-east of China. 【扩展】主动语态中，在make、hear、see、watch和 notice等词后跟省略to的动词不定式做宾语补足语，但在被动语态中，to不可省略。 McDull often makes his classmates laugh. 麦兜经常让他的同学们大笑。 His classmates are often made to laugh by McDull. 同学们经常被麦兜逗笑。 1. I wash dishes every day.(改为被动语态) __________________________ every day. 2. Most of the farm work is done by machines in China today.(改为一般疑问句) ____________________________________________ in China today? 3. The jacket is made of cotton.(改为否定句) The jacket _______________________________ cotton. 4. French and English are spoken in Canada.(对画线部分提问） ___________________________________in Canada. 5. He takes good care of the child.(改为被动语态） _____________________________________________. 【答案速查】 1.Dishes are washed by me 2. Is most of the farm work done by machines 3. isn't made of 4. What languages are spoken 5. The child is taken good care of by him 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 $