内容正文:
【口袋书】2021年高考英语必背手册
专题六 介词
一、介词的句法功能
1.作定语
The key to the door is missing.
这扇门的钥匙不见了。
2.作状语
Her eyes were tired from long reading.
她的眼睛因长时间阅读而疲倦了。
3.作表语
Japan is to the east of China.
日本在中国的东部。
4.作宾语补足语
Make yourself at home.
别拘束/随意/别拘谨。
二、常考介词的用法
1.表示时间的介词
(1)at表示时间点,时刻等。
at 6 o’clock在6点钟
at daybreak在黎明;在日出时
(2)on表示具体的日子或一个特定的时间或具体的某一天的上午、下午或晚上(常有前置定语或后置定语修饰)。
on Monday afternoon在周一下午
on a rainy day morning在一个下雨天的早晨
(3)in表示在某段较长的时间内。
in the 20th century在20世纪
in winter在冬季;在冬天
in September在九月
in the morning在早上;在上午
(4)in/after+时间段在……之后。
“in+时间段”常与将来时连用;“after+时间段”常与过去时连用
He’ll be back in a week. 他一周后回来。
He returned after a week. 他一周后回来了。
(5)since后接时间点,自从……以来
He has made a lot of friends since he came to China.
自从他来到中国,他交了很多朋友。
(6)for后接时间段,长达……
They have lived here for 70 years.
他们已经在这里住了70年了。
(7) until/till直到……
It was not until near the end of the letter that she mentioned her own plan.
直到接近信的结尾处,她才提到自己的计划。
(8) by到……为止;不迟于……
It will be raining by the time you get there.
你到那时可能正在下雨。
The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that
food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels.
到2050年,全球人口数量预计将增长到96亿人。一些分析学家预测食品生产量需要增长50%才可以保持现状。
(9)during在……期间
During his summer holiday he visited Russia.
暑假期间他游览了俄罗斯。
(10)before在……之前
Don't forget to turn off the lights before leaving your classroom.
离开教室前别忘了关灯。
(11)over在……期间;直到……结束
In Britain, it’s not unusual to have a business meeting over breakfast.
在英国,早餐时间开商务会议并不稀奇。
(12) through一直,自始至终
He showed remarkable endurance throughout his illness.
他在整个生病期间表现出非凡的忍耐力。
【名师点津】
①当时间名词前有this,that,last,next,every,each等词修饰时,通常不用任何介词。
I’ve got three days off next week.
我下周有三天休假。
Every year nine million overseas visitors come to the city.
每年有900万的海外游客来到这座城市。
A big storm destroyed two villages in South Africa last Friday, causing 4 deaths.
上周五,一场大风暴摧毁了南非的两个村庄,造成4人死亡。
②“on/upon+名词或动名词”结构可以表示“一……就……”。
On his arrival at classroom, the