牛津译林版必修一Unit1 Grammar语法学案

定语从句 （一） 定语从句是在复合句中起定语作用的从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词（that, which, who, whom, whose等）和关系副词（where, when, why等）。 关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语等。 1. 关系代词that与which 在定语从句中，关系代词that既可指人，也可指物；which一般指物。如： Jack is no longer the man that he used to be. The old town has narrow streets and small houses which / that are built close to each other. Parents should pay attention to the books which / that their kids read. 【注意】 关系代词that与which指物时，往往可以互换，但以下情况多用that： ● 当先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, much, little, none等不定代词或先行词被only, few, little, no, all, every, very等词修饰时。如： Don’t believe everything that he tells you. All the presents that your friends give you on your birthday should be put away. ● 当先行词同时包括人和物时。如： During break times, they talked about the persons and things that interested them. ● 当先行词前有序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。如： The first thing that must be done now is to put up a tent. Mount Huangshan is one of the most beautiful mountains in China that I’ve ever visited. 2. 关系代词who与whom who指人，在定语从句中作主语，一般