内容正文:
宾语补足语&主谓一致
一、宾语补足语
【语境展示】
1. For the first time, I felt myself a person of importance.
2. My mother prefers her coffee strong.
3. The heavy rain kept us indoors.
4. Many people considered Liz to be an excellent teacher.
5. When you give a speech, you should make your views understood by the audience.
6. You really shouldn’t have left her waiting outside in the rain.
7. All of us were overjoyed when we saw Kate out of danger.
【归纳】
宾语补足语是补足宾语意义的句子成分,用来说明宾语的状态或特征等,通常置于宾语之后,简称宾补。宾语和宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语。可以用作宾语补足语的通常有:名词(短语)(如例句1)、形容词(如例句2)、副词(如例句3)、动词不定式(如例句4)、V-ed 形式(如例句5)、V-ing形式(如例句6)和介词短语(如例句7)。
【注意】
1. V-ed形式作宾语补足语时,一般表示被动的动作或完成的意义,宾语补足语与宾语之间常存在逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是V-ed形式所表示的动作的承受者;V-ing形式作宾语补足语时,一般表示该动作正在进行,宾语与宾语补足语之间常存在逻辑上的主谓关系,即宾语是V-ing形式所表示的动作的发出者。
2. 动词不定式作宾语补足语时,在一些动词(advise,allow,ask,expect,invite,order,tell,want等)之后跟带to的动词不定式,而在一些使役动词(have,let,make 等)和感官动词(hear,feel,notice,see,watch等)之后则跟不带to的动词不定式。但是,在被动语态中,使役动词和感官动词之后的动词不定式要带to。如:
● We were made to learn fifty new words every week.
● I didn