内容正文:
题型二 推理判断题
推理判断是指在理解原文字面意义的基础上,通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示,做出一定的判断和推理,从而得出文章的深层意义及隐含意义的过程。主要考查考生理清上下文逻辑关系的能力以及考生的识别能力。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是某几句话,要求考生在遵循原文意义的基础上,对文章字面信息进行分析、挖掘、逻辑推理,揭示其深层含义。根据近几年高考来看,推断隐含意义、写作意图、观点态度为高频考点,而推断下段内容、文章出处、读者对象为低频考点。
常见的设问方式
1.We can infer from the passage that .
2.The passage/author implies that .
3.It can be concluded from the passage that .
4.The main purpose of the passage is .
5.Where does this passage probably come from?
6.What’s the author’s attitude towards...?
7.The writer developed the passage/his main idea by .
选项特征
1.正确选项的特征
(1)“立足原文,只推一步”,即根据原文内容,一步即可推得。
(2)选项中一般不可以出现表绝对概念的词,如only,never,all和absolutely等,正确答案的表述一般会用一些相对能够留下一些余地的词,如often,usually,sometimes,some,may,might,can,could,possibly和probably等。
2.干扰选项的特征
(1)曲解文意。推理判断题中有些选项来自文章中的某一句或某几句话,命题者可能会利用里面的词设计出干扰项,使其看似表达了文章的意思,其实是对原文意思的曲解。
(2)张冠李戴。题干问的是作者的观点,选项中出现的却是其他人的观点;题干问的是其他人的观点,选项中却出现了作者的观点。
(3)偷梁换柱。干扰项用了与文章中某一句话相似的句型结构和单词,却在考生易忽视的地方换了几个单词,造成句意的改变。
(4)无中生有。这种类型的干扰项往往是基本的生活常识或普遍认可的观点,但在文章中并无相关的信息支撑点。其次,这种干扰项也有可能与设置的问题毫不相干。
(5)扩缩范围。为了准确、严密地表达文章内容,命题者特别注意对文意范围的限定,有时通过加上almost,nearly,more than,normally,usually等词语对文意加以限制。
A
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ,A)
POETRY CHALLENGE
Write a poem about how courage,determination,and strength have helped you face challenges in your life.
Prizes
3 Grand Prizes:Trip to Washington,D.C.for each of three winners,a parent and one other person of the winner’s choice.Trip includes round-trip air tickets,hotel stay for two nights,and tours of the National Air and Space Museum and the office of National Geographic World.
6 First Prizes:The book Sky Pioneer:A Photobiography of Amelia Earhart signed by author Corinne Szabo and pilot Linda Finch.
50 Honorable Mentions:Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners,who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earhart’s final flight.
Rules
Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification.
■Write a poem using 100 words or fewer.Your poem can be any format,any number of lines.
■Write by han