Unit 3　Section 3　Using Language（配套Word教参）-【优化指导】2020-2021学年新教材高中英语必修第二册(外研版 )

Section Ⅲ　Using Language 动词不定式作定语以及结果状语 1．Do you like something to eat? 2．The thief broke into the house only to find it empty. 3．She didn't have enough money to spend. 4．The boy is old enough to take care of himself. [自主归纳] 句1和句3中动词不定式作定语，分别修饰something和money；句2和句4中动词不定式作结果状语。 一、动词不定式作定语 1．不定式作定语通常放在所修饰词之后，表示将来的动作。不定式与其所修饰的词之间往往是动宾关系，若该不定式是不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。 ①The bridge to be built here will bring great convenience to the local people. 这里将要建起的桥会给当地人带来很大的便利。 ②Suddenly a good idea occurred to her，but she couldn't find any paper to write on. 突然她想到了一个好主意，但是她找不到写下它的纸。 2．序数词，形容词最高级，the last，the only等后或被这些词修饰的名词或代词后，常用不定式作定语。且中心词与不定式之间为主动关系。 ①He was the first man to land on the moon. 他是第一个登上月球的人。 ②He is the only worker to attend the meeting. 他是唯一一个要参加会议的人。 3．被修饰词是抽象名词时，常用不定式作定语。常见抽象名词：ability，chance，idea，hope，wish，fact，excuse，promise，attempt，way等。 ①The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself. 表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。 ②The pressure to compete causes Americans to be energetic. 竞争的压力使美国人精力充沛。 [名师点津] 不定式作定语时，当句子的主语是不定式的逻辑主语时，不定式使用主动式；当句子的主语不是不定式的逻辑主语且不定式与所修饰的名词或代词之间是被动关系时，不定式使用被动式。 ①Have you got anything to buy? 你有什么东西要买吗？(you是buy的执行者) ②I want to go to Beijing.Do you have anything to be bought? 我要去北京。你有什么东西要买吗？(you不是buy的执行者) 二、动词不定式作结果状语 作结果状语时，常表示出乎意料的结果，常用于下列结构中：only to do；enough to do(足够做……)；too...to do...(太……而不能……)；so/such...as to...(如此……以至于……)等。 ①Tom took a taxi to the airport，only to find his plane high up in the sky. 汤姆乘出租车去了机场，结果发现他要乘坐的飞机已飞入高空。 ②George returned after the war，only to be told that his wife had left him. 乔治战后归来，却被告知他的妻子已经离他而去。 ③The boy is old enough to take care of himself. 这个男孩足够大了，可以自己照顾自己。 ④The text is too difficult to understand. 这课文太难了，理解不了。 ⑤Would you be so kind as to do me a favor，please? 能请和善的你帮我一个忙吗？ Ⅰ.写出画线部分所作成分 1．His ambition to become the world swimming champion was understandable.(定语) 2．Do you have anything to be taken there？(定语) 3．I hurried to his house, only to find him out.(结果状语) 4．Can you find a proper person to finish this