重难点08 完形填空之说明文-2021年中考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练

重难点08 完形填空之说明文 （建议用时：30分钟） 【命题趋势】 说明文是以说明为主要表达方式，用来说明事物、阐明事理的一种文体。它通过揭示概念来说明事物的特征、本质及其规律性，给人准确的科学知识或传递某种思想。考查趋势是：辨析词义，以实词为主，且第一局不设空，生词量有增无减，长句增加，句式灵活，结构复杂。 中考完形填空抛弃了传统的语法知识型”命题模式转变成，情境能力型”的命题趋势。它的一个显著特点就是实出语篇，即重在文意的干扰，把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境中去，考查学生通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力。 【满分技巧】 1. 跨过空缺处，先通读全文 了解文章大意做题时，应先跨过缺词处。通读全文，理顺文意，找出关键词，我们可以依据首句给的相关提示，通过逻辑思维分析。借助短文中关键词们所提供的信息，跨过空缺处，把全文快速浏览完，建立语言的整体感.，从而帮助我们了解短文人意。 2. 先易后难，各个击破 通读全文后，可以根据文章大意，展开逻辑思维，分析每一个空缺处在句中的地位和作用.以确定最佳答案 。遇到闲难时，可忽略此空，先做下一题，最后再回过头来分析解答，也许就会峰口路转，思路明晰。 3. 梳理全文查看文章的完整性 做完所有题目后，还应再次通读全文，看看此时的短文行文是否流畅，意思是否连贯。逻辑关系是否合理。复查时，可从语法入手。检查一下句子的时态以及词语的搭配等是否正确。 【热点话题】 说明文热衷于说明介绍、人物传记等。 【限时检测】 A 【2020 •江西省】 话题：社会生活 难度：★ 建议用时：6分 Cowboys have lived and worked in the west and south—west of the United States for over three centuries and they are a famous symbol of the USA. When you watch those old Hollywood cowboy films from the fifties and sixties, you see a job. You see a ____9____ of freedom and adventure(冒险). However, the real job of an American cowboy has always been ____10____ and sometimes dangerous. It is physical with long hours and low pay. Life hasn’t ____11____ much for cowboys since the early days. Cows walk across huge plains(草原) to ____12____ the grass and the cowboy rides on his horse to bring ____13____ home. Like the cowboys of the past, a 21st century cowboy ____14____ gets up early on freezing cold mornings and makes breakfast over a fire. So why does a man—because it is usually a man—become a cowboy? For some, it isn't a ____15____, because they are born into the life. They have worked with ____16____ since they were children. They ____17____ the traditional cowboy culture: “It’s a real life about you, your horse and the open _____18_____.” Some people choose the job _____19_____ in life. Pat had an office job with the US government with high pay, _____20_____ he didn’t like city life and spending all day inside. So one day, he _____21_____ his job and moved to a ranch(牧场) in Texas, making much less mon