[名校联盟]新疆新源县第八中学高中英语《语法》课件（2份）

语法专题 倒装句 英语的一般语序是主语+谓语，如果把谓语的全部或是一部分放在主语之前，这种语序称为倒装。 倒装有两种形式：谓语全部放在主语之前叫完全倒装；只将助动词、情态动词、系动词提前叫部分倒装。 熟 读 深 思 观察句子，说出他们是哪种情况下的倒装。 (1) Here comes the bus. (2) In she came . (3) South of the river lies a small factory. (4) Such are the facts. (5)There stands an ancient tower on the top of the mountain. (6)Present at the party were Mr. Green and many other guests. 归 纳 总 结 规则1：表方位的副词　here, there, out, in, up, down, away, off等放在句首，而主语是名词时，句子则完全倒装，如：(1)。但是，当主语是人称代词时，主谓语序不变，如：(2)。 　　 规则2：地点状语位于句首时，为了避免头重脚轻，常将谓语置于主语之前，进行完全倒装，如：(3)。 归 纳 总 结 规则3：为了使上下文联系紧密，常将such, the following 放于句首，而句子的谓语动词置于主语　之前进行完全倒装，如：(4)。 规则4：there be句型中，用完全倒装。此时，结构中的be可用lie/exist / stand / live / seem 等动词替代，如：(5)。 规则5：有时为了突出或强调主语，可用“表语＋系动词＋主语”的完全倒装结构，如：(6) 熟 读 深 思 观察句子，说出他们是哪种情况下的倒装 (1) By no means can he catch up in such a short time. (2) He is active in personality, and seldom does he stay indoors. (4) Hardly had I got to the airport when the plane took off. (5) Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was. 熟 读 深 思 (6) Neither did I want to see the film nor did I buy the ticket. (7) Only in this way can you learn English well. (8) Were I there, they would listen to me. (9) Such a clever boy was Jack that he was able to work out all these difficult problems. (10)Not only does he like English, but also he learns it well. 规则1：含有否定意义的副词或短语，如：few, little, never, not, not until, nowhere, rarely, seldom, hardly/scarcely…when…， no sooner…(than)…， not only…(but also), at no time, by no means等，放在句首时，句子须部分倒装，如：(1)(2)(4)(5)(6) 【特别提醒】 若原句中没有助动词，必须根据谓语动词的具体时态来确定相应的助动词do, does 或did，如：(2)。 ④not until提前时，必须同时将until后面的全部内容提前，如：(5)。 归 纳 总 结 规则2：so/as/neither/nor 位于句首,连接两种相同的情况时，所连接的并列分句需用部分倒装。 规则3：“only ＋ 副词/介词短语/状语从句　” 放在句首时，句子须用部分倒装，如：(7)。 规则4：在虚拟语气条件句中，从句谓语有助动词were, had, should时，可将if 省略，而把 were, had, should 移到句首，如：(8)。 规则5：在 “so…that” 和 “such…that”结构中，将“so＋adj.”和“such＋n.”提到句首时，句子须用部分倒装，如：(9