内容正文:
热点04 语法填空
【命题趋势】
在一篇200左右词的短文中留出十个空白,所设空白分有词填空和无词填空二种。有词填空题考查:时态、语态、形容词或副词的级、非谓语动词和简单构词法。无词填空考查:代词、冠词、连词、介词和情态动词。要求考生根据空白所在句的句式结构及句子间的逻辑关系,用适当的词或所给词的适当形式填写,以便使短文准确无误。本题型主要考查考生在文章中正确使用英语语法知识的能力。
【满分技巧】
答题原则:以句子为单位来考虑含有空白的句子。答不出时,再考虑设空所在句与前句或后句的关系。
A. 有词填空题
这类题在一个设空处可填一至三个词,其中考查最多、最难的是用动词的正确形式填空。这包含对时态、语态、非谓语动词及构词法知识的考查。首先要确定该空应该使用谓语动词(时态、语态、)还是用非谓语动词。规律是:每个句子(从第一个词到句号或叹号算作一个句子)都遵循这个等式:谓语数-1=连词数。其中一个破折号(若后面是句子)、分号、冒号算作一个连词;连接并列成分的连词,承接上文的连词,以及 when、if、though与非谓语动词连用时的不计数。在填含有已给动词的空白时,依据已知的谓语动词和连词的数量所构成的等式来判断。若左边(前面)再加1等式才成立,需要填谓语动词;若相等,需要填非谓语动词(详见下列《技巧应用》)
B. 无词填空题
这类题一个空白只许填一个词,其中考查最多、最难的是填从属连词。判断是否填连词的方法也是根据上述等式(遇到难句、长句、复杂句,才使用)来考虑:即, 若右边(后面)再加1等式才成立, 需要填连词。
考查代词、冠词、连词、介词、形容词或副词的级和情态动词的填空题相对较简单。将在《技巧应用》或《限时检测》中详述。
【热点话题】阅读、健康、运动、社会热点、垃圾分类、文化介绍等
英语语法填空高考考点整理
1、 从句引导词
1定语从句
(2020年山东省高考英语试卷(新高考全国Ⅰ卷)) The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum 39 opened in 1759. (which/that 本句考查定语从句)
(2019全国2卷)Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, she opened with her late husband Les. (which 非限制性定语从句)
(2018全国1卷)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014_____showed a mere five to 10 minute a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.(that/which 定语从句,指物,在从句中做主语故用关系代词)
(2018全国2卷)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005-when the government stared a soil-testing program gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers.(that/which 定语从句,指物,在从句中做主语故用关系代词)
(2017全国1卷)Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, is not good for the health.(which 非限制性定语从句)
(2016全国1卷)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, I was the first Western TV reporter...(when 非限制性定语从句,先行词是时间,在从句中做时间状语)
2宾语从句
(2020年浙江省高考英语试卷) Over thousands of years,they began to depend less on 57. could be hunted or gathered from the wild,and more on animals they had