内容正文:
介词和介词短语
易错点【01】 介词by的用法
【2020•贵州黔西南州】The children here improve their English ________ listening and speaking every day.
A. on
B. through
C. with
D. by
此题中by listening and speaking every day,by表示"通过"。through穿过,指从事物内部通过;across横穿,指从事物的一边到了另一边。
by作为介词,有很多种意思,通过;被;依据;经由;在附近;在……之前。
by通过……方法、手段
"by+交通工具"的词组:
by bicycle骑自行车
by train坐火车
by plane/by air坐飞机
by taxi坐出租车
by car坐小汽车
by ship坐船
by bus坐公共汽车
易错点【02】 be made in / be made from
【湖北十堰)】——Your sweater looks nice. Is it made of wool?
—Yes, and it’s made ______ Shanghai.
A. by B. in C. for D. from
此题考查be made in的用法,掌握住be made from和be made in的区别,是做这道题的关键。be made in在……制造,后接地点名词,如made in China,而be made of由……做成,后面跟的是材料名词。
be made from 和be made of的区别
be made from和be made of都可以表示物体由什么材料制成,区别如下:
be made from表示材料时,一般表示物质做成这个物体时已经发生了化学变化,我们从物体的外观上已看不出原来的材料,如:
Wine is made from grapes. 葡萄酒由葡萄制成。(葡萄糖是由酒化酶的催化作用下发酵变成酒精的,已发生了化学变化)
Paper is made of wood. 纸张是由木头做成的。(纸中已看不出它的原材料是木头)
Bread is made from flour. 面包由面粉做成。
be made of表示材料,一般表示从物体的外观上看得出原来的材料,这些材料在做成这个物体时,只是发生了一些物理变化,也可以用be made out of表示材料,如:
This salad is made of cucumber and lettuce. 这种沙拉是由小黄瓜和莴苣做成的。
This pair of shoes is made of leather. 这双鞋子是由皮革做成的。
I made my bicycle out of four old ones. 我用四辆旧的自行车拼成了我的自行车。
介词of和from的区别
①of(属于)……的;表示……的数量或种类
►This is a map of china. 这是一幅中国地图。
►Will you please give me a cup of tea? 请您给我一杯茶好吗?
②from来自(某地、某人);以……起始(时间或地点)
►I’m from Nanjing. 我是南京人。
►We work from Monday to Friday. 我们从星期一到星期五上班。
易错点【03】 介词短语be good for / agree with
【2020•山东滨州市】—I think washing hands every day is good________ our health.
—Yes, I agree________you!
A. to; to
B. with ;to
C. for; with
D. at; with
be good at / be good with / be good to / be good for 的区别
be good 后接不同的介词,表达的意思也不同。
1)be good at 意为"擅长……",后接名词、代词或ving形式。
I’m good at playing chess. 我擅长下象棋。
2)be good with意为"灵巧的;与……相处得好"。
She is good with her hands. 她手很巧。
He is very good with the children. 他与这些孩子处得很好。
3)be good to意为"对……友好"。
My friend