内容正文:
“介词+关系代词”引导的定义从句
当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时,我们通常用"介词+关系代词"引导定语从句。如果指人, 用"介词+whom";如果指物,用"介词+which"。who和that不能用于此结构。学习时应注意以下几点:
一、介词的选用
"介词+关系代词"中的介词主要有以下三种确定方法:
1. 根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词的搭配选用介词。
☛The fellow to whom I spoke made no answer at first.
和我说话的那个人起先没有回答。(speak to)
2. 根据先行词确定介词。
☛In his room, we saw a big table on which there were all kinds of books.
在他的房间里,我们看见一张上面放着各种书的大桌子。(on the table)
3. 根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定介词。
☛Air, without which man can’t live, is really important.
空气确实太重要了,没有它人类就不能生存。
☛This book has opened a window, through which we can see a wonderful world.
这本书打开了一扇窗,通过这扇窗我们能够看到一个精彩的世界。
【名师点津】
当先行词是way且于从句中作状语的时候,我们可以使用in which或that引导定语从句。在这种情况下,in which或that也可以省略。
☛I did not like the way (in which/that)she talked to me.
我不喜欢她和我说话的方式。
二、"介词+关系代词"的替换
1. 当先行词为表示时间、地点的名词或名词短语及名词reason时,介词in,on,at,for等与关系代词which一起引导定语从句时,可用相应的关系副词when, where, why等替换。
☛America is the country in which George Washington was born.
乔治•华盛顿出生在美国。(可用where替换in which)
☛The reason for which he refused to go to t