专题16 现在分词与过去分词区别-备战2021年高考英语语法精讲PPT

非谓语动词 Non-predicate Verb By the end of this lesson, we should be able to have a good command of ◆ the difference between present participle and past participle ◆ how to solve non-predicate problems 1.老师进了实验室，后面跟着一些学生。 (伴随状语) A. The teacher entered the lab, following some students.(杨同学） B. The teacher coming into the lab, a group of students followed. (施同学） 2.尽管受到了父母的鼓励，他仍然没有信心克服 困难。（省略although, though，让步状语） Get the encouragement from parents, he still have no confidence to overcome the difficulties. (汤同学） B. He has no confidence to solve problems, been encouraged by parents.(杨同学） 3.他们切断了电源，及时阻止了一场火灾。 （结果状语） They cut off electricity to stop a fire in time. (秦同学） 非谓语 Infinitive 不定式 (to) do Participle 分词 Gerund 动名词（-ing) a swimming pool 过去分词(-ed) Past particle 现在分词(-ing) Present participle a swimming boy 非谓语动词分类 动词 -ing形式 非谓语动词的句法功能 表语 宾补 定语 状语 不 定 式 主语 宾语 表语 宾补 定语 状语 动 名 词 主语 宾语 表语 定语 分 词 现在分词与过去分词 的区别 非谓语动词复习 1、作定语时 单个的分词作定语时一般前置（位于被修饰的词之前），分词短语作定语时后置。 Do you know the crying boy? We are trying our best to catch up with the developed country. Do you know the boy crying under the tree? The students are discussing a book written by LuXun. 1、作定语时 The meeting held last week is very important. 2.Tell the children playing there not to make so much noise. 被动关系 主动关系 What’s the difference between -ing and –ed form used as an attribute? 现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生或与谓语动作同时（或基本同时）发生，与所修饰的词是主动关系或主谓关系 及物动词的过去分词作定语表完成或被动的动作，与所修饰的词是被动关系或动宾关系；不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表完成不表被动的动作。 a retired worker 退休工人 There is a note pinned to the door __________ when the shop will open again. (2014山东，6） A. saying B. says C. said D. having said 2. Annie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse _______ to guard her.（2014浙江，14） A. to appoint B. appointing C. appointed D. having appointed 2、作表语时（跟在系动词后） 现在分词多表示主语所具有的特征或属性；过去分 词多表示主语所处的状态。现在分词表示“令人… 的”，过去分词表示“感到…”.常见的分词有： am