专题03 被动语态-备战2021年高考英语语法精讲PPT

语法专题三　被动语态 考试考点聚焦 考点一　被动语态的构成 　　类型 时态　　 被动形式 例句 一般现在时 am/is/are done You are invited to make a speech in our school.邀请您去我们学校作一个演讲。 一般过去时 was/were done Rome wasn't built in a day.罗马不是一天建成的。 一般将来时 will/shall be done, am/is/are going to be done The meeting is going to be held at 800 a．m. tomorrow.会议将于明天上午八点举行。 过去将来时 would be done, was/were going to be done She said that she would be given an MP5 as a birthday gift.她说有人会送她一部MP5作为生日礼物。 现在进行时 am/is/are being done His computer is being repaired.他的电脑正在修理当中。 过去进行时 was/were being done Her car was being washed at that time.那时她的车正在清洗。 现在完成时 have/has been done This novel has been translated into many languages.这部小说已被译成多种语言。 过去完成时 had been done They had been warned many times before they carried out the plan.在执行计划之前他们已经被警告过多次。 考点二　动词短语的被动语态和含有情态动词的被动语态 (1)一些不及物动词加上介词或副词后，变为可以直接加宾语的动词短语。注意在这种结构的被动语态中，介词和副词不能省略，也不能与动词拆开。 The patients are well looked after by the nurses in this hospital. 病人在这所医院里被护士们照料得很周到。 The meeting has been put off till next Saturday. 会议已推迟到下周六了。 (2)含有情态动词的被动语态结构为“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”。 This project must be finished by the end of this month. 这项工程这个月末必须完成。 The money might be taken away by my son. 钱可能被我儿子拿走了。 考点三　用主动形式表示被动意义 (1)当feel, look, smell, taste, sound作系动词，后面接形容词时；当cut, read, sell, wear, write等词带状语修饰语时；当动词表示“开始、结束、关、停、转、启动”等意义时。 This kind of cloth washes easily. 这种布易洗。 These novels won't sell well. 这些小说不畅销。 My pen writes smoothly. 我的钢笔写起来很流畅。 The door won't lock. 门锁不上。 The fish smells good. 鱼闻起来香。 (2)当break out, take place, shut off, go out, work out等动词表示“发生、关闭、制定”等意思时。 The plan worked out successfully. The lamps on the wall went out. (3)want, require, need后面的动名词用主动表示被动含义。 Your bike needs/requires/wants repairing. 你的自行车需要修了。 (4)be worth doing用主动形式表示被动含义。 The film is worth seeing. 这部电影值得看。 (5)在“be＋形容词＋to do”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动表被动。 This kind of water isn't fit to drink. The girl isn't easy to get along with. 另外：be to blame (受谴责), be to rent(出租)也用主动形式表被动。 考点四　“get＋