专题02 定语从句-备战2021年高考英语语法精讲PPT

语法专题二定语从句 * * [全国卷考情分析] 题型 典题试做 命题解读 语 法 填 空 1. (2019·全国卷Ⅱ) Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，which she opened with her late husband Les. 2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ) They were well trained by their masters who had great experience with caring for these animals. 3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 which/that showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes. 1.考查定语从句的关系词，which、that和who考查居多； 2．有时考查非限制性定语从句中关系词的用法。 * 考点一　关系代词引导的定语从句 [题组试做] 单句语法填空 1．(2019·石家庄检测一)A new teacher will teach you German will come here tomorrow. who　[考查定语从句。从结构上看，空处是关系代词，修饰先行词A new teacher，指人，并且在从句中作主语，所以要用who。] * 2．(2019·重庆第一次调研)The park offers visitors a sight of nature at majorities of people never have the chance to take a look. which　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，该句中的“The park offers visitors a sight of nature”是主句，“at________majorities...a look”是定语从句，空处在定语从句中作at的宾语，代指a sight of nature，故填which。] 3．(2019·江西五校第一次联考)The WHO says superbugs can also pass along genetic material________helps other bacteria become resistant to drug treatment. that/which　[考查定语从句。that/which引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词genetic material。] * [要点解读] 1．关系代词的基本用法 关系代词 先行词 在从句中的作用 who 人 主语、宾语 whom 人 宾语 * 关系代词 先行词 在从句中的作用 which 物 主语、宾语 that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语 whose 人或物 定语 as 人或物 主语、宾语、表语 * The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.在日常生活中我们遇到的小问题可能是伟大发明的灵感来源。 I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise.我住在一对夫妻的隔壁，他们的孩子经常制造噪音。 * 2．that和which的用法区别 只用that的情况 先行词是all，few，little，much， something，anything，nothing 等不定代词时 先行词被the only，the very， the same，all等修饰时 * 只用that的情况 先行词是序数词、形容词最高级 或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 先行词既有人又有物时 只用which 的情况 引导非限制性定语从句时(逗号隔开时) 关系代词指物，且前有介词时 * China Today attracts a worldwide readership，which shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about Chin