专题01 动词的时态和语态-备战2021年高考英语语法精讲PPT

语法专题一时态和语态 ENGLISH BASIC TENSES (时态) 他昨天来了. 他已经来了. 他明天来. 汉语借助词汇手段而非词的形态变化来表示动作的发生,而英语主要通过谓语动词时态变化来表现.任何句子都要先注意时态. He came yesterday. He has come. He will come tomorrow. 一般过去时 ( The Simple Past Tense ) 一般现在时 ( The Simple Present tense 一般将来时( The Simple Future Tense ) 现在进行时(The Present Continuous Tense) 过去进行时(The Past Continuous Tense) 现在完成时(The Present Perfect Tense) 过去完成时 (The Past Perfect Tense) 过去将来时(The Simple Past Future Tense) How did you spend your childhood? (3 sentences or more,使用实意动词和系动词, 注意动词形式变化) Example: I _______ (spend) my childhood happily with my old friends. We always ________(play) football and basketball together and we _______ (not) have so much homework to do as now. We _______ (be) happy at that time. spent played didn’t were 一般过去时 ( The Simple Past Tense ) 1.结构: 谓动用动词过去式 2.用法: 在过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示过去时间的时间状语连用。如 yesterday, last week, an hour ago, in 1982等。 HOW IS YOUR DAILY LIFE AS A HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT? (3 sentences or more,使用实意动词和系动词, 注意动词形式变化) 二. 一般现在时 ( The Present Indefinite ) 1.结构: 　　主语为第三人称单数,谓动要变化,其余人称用原形. I study hard every day and I get along well with my classmates, but sometimes I miss my families. 2. 用法: 1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用，如often/ usually, every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。 2)表示不受时间限制的科学事实或客观真理。 The earth moves around the sun. 3) 表示已安排或计划好将来必定会发生的动作或存在的状态, 一般用于be, come, go, start, begin, leave, arrive, return等动词中，常与时间状语连用．如： 　The meeting starts at 2:00 p.m. 　 Dad said to me, “I will buy a computer for you if you can pass the exam.” Dad told me (that) he _________ (buy) a computer for me if I could pass the exam. would buy .过去将来时(The past future simple Tense) 1. 用法: 过去将来时表示立足于过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态, 常用于宾语从句中. 2.结构: Should / would+动词原形 The boy promised he would work hard. I told my parents I should return early. 2).其他形式． was (were) going to was (were) to +动词原形 was (were) about to 犹如 picture How will you spend your Spring Festival holiday? I will… I’m going to… 三.