内容正文:
1. 动词不定式作宾补
语法讲解:
该结构变成否定时是在不定式to前加not,ask/tell/advise... sb. not to do sth.。
如:The doctor asks him not to drink too much.
医生叫他不要喝太多酒。
注意:不带to的情况
以下两类动词后接动词不定式作宾语补足语要省略to。
①使役动词:make/let等
如:Don't make her think about it.
别让她想到这件事。
②感官动词:see/hear/watch等
如:I saw him leave a few minutes ago.
我看到他几分钟前离开了。
2. 动词不定式作目的状语
主要修饰动词,表示某一动作或状态的目的。为了使目的更加清楚或表示强调意义时,还可以用in order to或so as to,意为“为了”。
如:To make enough money to support his poor family, the young man works hard day and night.
为了挣足够的钱来支撑他的贫困家庭,这个年轻人日夜辛勤工作。
To pass the exam, he worked hard at his lessons.
=In order to pass the exam, he worked hard at his lessons.
为了能通过考试,他刻苦读书。
He ran quickly (so as) to catch the last bus.
他跑得很快,以便赶上末班车。
三.动词不定式做宾补,宾语,目的状语
注意:不定式的否定形式是在不定式之前加not。
例:His mom told him not to play with fire.
他妈妈告诉他不要玩火。
四.“疑问词+动词不定式
例句:Excuse me, could you please tell me how to get to the bookstore?
“疑问词+动词不定式”结构中,疑问词包括疑问代词,如who, whom, what, which和whose;和疑问副词,如when, where和how。此外,whether也适用于该结构。这一结构主要用法如下:
1. 作主语
Where