2021届巴蜀中学新高考英语美国文化外刊[10]宗教自由（含注解与翻译）

2021届巴蜀中学新高考英语 美国文化外刊[10] （含翻译与重点词汇短语注解） What is freedom of religion? Answer: You can practice any religion, or not practice a religion. 什么是宗教自由？ 答案：你既可以信教，也可以不信教。 笔记🖊： · practice=observe the teaching and rules of (a particular religion) 遵循（宗教）的教导和教规, 信奉： non-Muslims were free to practise their religion 非穆斯林教徒有信奉自身宗教的自由 [as adj. practicing] a practising Roman Catholic. 一位虔诚的罗马天主教徒。 · freedom of religion 宗教自由 Explanation:  Many of the earliest Americans followed a religion that was different from the one practiced (or believed in) by the people in government. These early Americans fled (or ran away from) their original countries because they were treated unfairly because of their religious beliefs. When it was time for them to write their own governing document (or laws to create a country) they felt that freedom of religion was very important. 解释： 很多最早的美国人信的教与当权者信的教不相同。这些最早的美国人逃离了他们的原住国，是因为他们因为自己的宗教信仰而受到不公平的对待。所以他们撰写创立国家法律的时候，觉得宗教自由非常重要。 笔记🖊： · follow/practice a religion 信仰宗教 · fled是flee的过去式 · be treated unfairly 被不公平对待 · religious belief 宗教信仰 · governing document 国家法律 Freedom of religion is also sometimes called separation of church and state. Separation of church and state means that religion (also called the "church") and government (also called the "state") are separate and independent and should not work too closely together. For example, it is unconstitutional (or against the law) for Congress to make a law that says Americans have to attend (or go to) a church, synagogue, mosque, temple, or any other place where people meet for religious purposes. The government also cannot endorse one religious group over another, meaning that the government cannot tell Americans which religion it thinks is the best. Either of these things would violate (or go against) Americans' freedom of religion. 宗教自由有时也称为“政教分离”。“政教分离”是指宗教和政府之间相互独立，它们之间的联系不能太紧密。例如，国会颁布法律规定：“美国人必须要去教堂，犹太教堂，清真寺，寺庙或人们因宗教目的而聚集的其它地方”，这就违反了宪法规定。政府也不能支持一个宗教团体而不支持另外一个宗教团体，意思是政府不能对美国人说他们认为哪个宗教最优越。做了以上任何一件事都会侵犯