内容正文:
第一章 名词
在语篇中感知名词
Once upon a time, the king of a powerful kingdom ruled his country cruelly. He had many wives and children. And he thought all the men and women were absolutely his possessions. He treated them like animals. He forced men to build palaces, museums in many cities and he possessed the most expensive furniture in the world. As a result of his cruelty and greed, large numbers of men workers lost their lives. He had women raise lots of deer for hunting, sheep for mutton, and cows for milk. He kept many women doctors to search for some supernatural medicine for him to live forever...
第一章 名词
核心问题导学
1. 什么是名词?
2. 名词有哪些类型?
3. 可数名词变复数有哪些规则?
4. 不规则名词变复数有哪些“规则”?
5. 不可数名词一定不可数吗?
6. 名词所有格的分类与用法是怎样的?
第一章 名词
一、名词的概念与分类
第一章 名词
二、名词的数
第一章 名词
一)可数名词变复数的规则
1.一般在词尾加-s。school→schools,dog→dogs,stadium→stadiums
2.以s, x, ch, sh等结尾的加-es。
box→boxes,match→matches,boss→bosses,class→classes,brush→brushes,tax→taxes
⊙特别提醒:注意以th结尾的,直接加-s;
例:month→months,mouth→mouths,path→paths,以及stomach→stomachs,quiz→quizzes
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词,变y为i再加-es。party→parties,baby→babies,story→stories
⊙特别提醒:以“元音字母+y”结尾的词,直接加-s;
例:key→keys,play 剧本)→plays,boy→boys
二、名词的数
第一章 名词
4.以f或fe结尾的名词,直接加-s或变f/fe为v再加-es。
5.以o结尾的名词,分三种情况:
1)表示有生命的名词加-es。
Negro→Negroes,hero→heroes,potato→potatoes,tomato→tomatoes
口诀:黑人英雄吃土豆番茄。
二、名词的数
第一章 名词
2) 表示无生命的名词加-s。
kilo→kilos,piano→pianos,photo→photos
3)以“元音字母+o”结尾的名词加-s。
zoo→zoos,kangaroo→kangaroos,radio→radios
6.合成名词的复数,有两种情况:
1)将主体名词变为复数。
looker-on→lookers-on,passer-by→passers-by,father-in-law→fathers-in-law
2)没有主体名词的,在词尾加-s。
grown-up→grown-ups,follow-up→follow-ups,go-between→go-betweens
⊙特别提醒:注意以y, f/fe, o结尾的词,要分情况。
二、名词的数
第一章 名词
二)不规则变化
1.单复数形式不同
2.单复数形式相同的词
sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese,Swiss,aircraft,deer,works 工厂),means,species 物种,种类),crossroads 十字路口),series
特别提醒:汉语拼音音译的单位量词的单复数形式也一致。例:yuan,jiao,fen,li,jin
跟踪训练一
第一章 名词
用所给名词的适当形式填空
1. I taught my child) to brush their tooth) when they turned three. In o