内容正文:
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语言学理论对中学英语教学的启示
外语教学的重要相关学科:语言学、社会学、人类学。(束定芳 庄智象 1996)
语言学(linguistics)
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What is linguistics?
The scientific study of language
The science of language
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The scope of linguistics
Phonetics
Phonology
Morphology
Syntax
Semantics
Pragmatics
Sociolinguistics
Psycholinguistics
Language Acquisition
启示1:告诉孩子语言有多有趣
关于语言和英语的常识:
英语只是6000多种语言中的一种。
学英语实际上是学“外国语文”。
语言不等于书面语。
语言(母语)无高低/难易之分。
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I have never met a person who is not interested in language.
——Steven Pinker, The Language Instinct
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笑话
看了花千骨后才知道 有神经病都不叫神经病 叫执念;谈恋爱都不叫谈恋爱,叫生死劫;有代沟的都不叫代沟,叫结界; 伪娘都不叫伪娘,叫姐姐!前辈不再叫前辈,叫上仙!公司领导不再叫领导,叫尊上!我终于知道为什么有时脾气不好了 因为我控制不了体内的洪荒之力 。
“Your brain has two parts: left & right.
Your left brain has nothing right.
Your right brain has nothing left.”
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I once shot an elephant in my pajamas. How it got into my pajamas I’ll never know.
—— from Groucho Marx (American comedian and film and television star)
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隐喻
爱是一颗幸福的子弹。
爱上一匹野马,可是我的家里没有草原,这让我很绝望。
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诗歌
O my Luve's like a red, red rose
That’s newly sprung in June;
O my Luve's like the melodie
That’s sweetly play'd in tune.
by Robert Burns, 1794
从明天起,做一个幸福的人
喂马、劈柴,周游世界
从明天起,关心粮食和蔬菜
我有一所房子,面朝大海,春暖花开
——海子
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跨语言比较
汉语 vs. 英语/德语/日语
普通话
方言
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日常交际
Mother: What time is it now?
Daughter: It is weekend, mom.
Do you know where the library is?
*Yes. I know. So what?
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其他语言现象
My, Damn it!
Good morning!
你吃饭了没有?
小季,老季,季老
你现在漂亮多了。
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When we study human language, we are approaching what some might call “human essence,” the distinctive qualities of mind that are, so far as know, unique to man.
—— Noam Chomsky, Language and Mind
启示2:语音教学的常识
元音 vs. 辅音
发音部位/方式
清音/浊音
语音负迁移现象
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Phonetics studies the production and characteristics of all possible speech sounds, and provides methods for their description, classification and transcription. It is general, descriptive and classificatory.
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