微技能 推理判断之根据逻辑推断-初中同步八年级英语阅读写作技能训练

推理判断之根据逻辑推断 逻辑推理能力是推理判断中最重要的考查内容。任何一种形式的推理判断都是基于某种逻辑上的推理。因此，掌握逻辑推理法对于掌握推理判断技巧、正确完成推理判断起着至关重要的作用。现在，我们一起从下面的例题中来体验这一技巧在推理判断题中的运用。[来源:学科网] [来源:学*科*网Z*X*X*K] 【例题】 阅读下面这篇短文，并完成短文后的题。 Mr Lewis was a dance teacher. He was a nice man and always had a lot of students. One day, he moved to a new town, and soon taught many students in the dance school there, but he decided to move again to a big city. He thought he would have more work there. When one of his students heard that Mr Lewis was going to leave, she said to him, “The new teacher won’t be as good as you are.” Mr Lewis felt very happy when he heard this, but he said, “Oh, no. I’m sure he’ll be as good as I am — or even better.” However, the student said, “No. Five teachers have come and gone while I’ve been here, and each new one was worse than the last.” 1. The student thought that _______. A. Mr Lewis was the best teacher B. Mr Lewis could be a better teacher C. Mr Lewis was worse than the next one D. Mr Lewis was the worst teacher of the five 2. From the story, we can infer that the student wished _______. A. to have a better teacher B. to have a worse teacher C. to become a dance teacher D. to see the sixth teacher 【解题指导】 1. 扫读原文、题干及选项内容，大致判断各题干及选项对应原文信息的位置； 2. 详读对应原文，理解对应语句的具体含义； 3. 根据并列、递进、因果、反义等简单的逻辑关系对原文含义进行推断，得出正确答案。 【答案及解析】 1. D。原文中涉及到对于Mr Lewis及其他老师的评价的信息集中在二、三、四段。根据最后一段中的“Five teachers have come and gone while I’ve been here, and each new one was worse than the last.”可知，该学生认为，在教过她的五位老师中，每一位都不如上一位好。根据反义理解，Mr Lewis作为到说话为止的最后一位老师，应该是当时所有老师中最糟糕的一位，因此D项正确。 2. A。根据第二段中的“The new teacher won’t be as good as you are.”及最后一段中的“Five teachers have come and gone while I’ve been here, and each new one was worse than the last.”可知，当该学生得知Mr Lewis要离开时，表现出了对于下一位老师不如Mr Lewis好的担心；而担心的原因是该学生希望有一位更好的老师。故A为正确答案。[来源:Z+xx+k.Com] 【总结】 在进行逻辑推理判断时，我们需要做到： 1. 正确地找到对应的原文信息； 2. 使用正确的逻辑关系推理，不可凭主观臆断。 练一练 阅读下面的短文，并完成短文后的题。 Once there was a little girl in a village. She spent summers on her grandfather’s f