微技能 内容性关键词（四）：黑体词或划线词-初中同步七年级英语阅读写作技能训练

阅读进阶 Graded Reading 通过上一期的学习，我们知道，在扫读中应注意专有名词。本期，我们将学习在扫读中应关注的第四类内容性关键词——黑体词或划线词。 内容性关键词(四)：黑体词或划线词 文章中的黑体词往往是作者想要强调或需要读者注意的词汇。划线词一般是生词或熟词生义，需要读者猜测理解；此类词所在文段的前后文都和它的词义相关，了解此词的含义对于理解文章大意会起到十分重要的作用。因此，在扫读中，关注黑体词或划线词是十分必要的。 请扫读下面的文章，注意其中的黑体词或划线词。 What do the Browns do every day? In the morning, Mr Brown goes to work and takes his children to school. Mrs Brown stays at home and does the housework. In the afternoon, Mrs Brown usually sees her friends. They often drink tea together. In the evening, the children come home from school. They arrive home early. Mr Brown comes home from work. He arrives home late. At night, the children always do their homework. Then they go to bed. Mr Brown usually reads newspapers, but sometimes he and his wife watch TV. 根据短文，完成下面三个小题。 1. Who takes the children to school? ___________. 2. The underlined (划线的) word “arrive” means “_________” in Chinese. 3. What does Mr Brown usually do at night? __________. 【点拨】 在扫读中，我们发现文中共出现四个黑体词和一个划线词。四个黑体词分别为：morning, afternoon, evening和night，都是表示时间的词汇。说明该文章是按照时间的顺序来介绍某件事或某一系列的事情。[来源:Zxxk.Com] 同时，文中还出现了一个划线词“arrive”。一般说来，阅读文段中出现的划线词都是用来猜测词义的，因此，我们还应该同时扫读该词的前后文，大致理解段落大意，并猜测该词的意思。 【解读】 1. 第一小题是关于“送孩子上学”的问题，这通常发生在早上。根据我们扫读中找到的黑体词morning可知，这一小题的对应信息在第二段。细读信息，可知答案为Mr Brown。 2. 扫读中，我们注意到arrive出现在第四段，该段还包含有一个黑体词evening，故arrive这个动作是发生在傍晚的。又根据前文come home from school和后文comes home from work可猜测，arrive的意思是“到达”。 3. 根据扫读中关注到的黑体词night可知，该小题的对应信息在最后一段。根据最后一段的第三句可知，答案为He reads newspapers。 【总结】 如果一篇文章中包含有黑体词或划线词，扫读时应首先注意黑体词出现的位置以及所表达的意思，大致判断文章或段落的大意。对于划线词，要扫读该词前后的语境，在猜测词义的同时了解文段的大致意思。 小练习[来源:Z。xx。k.Com] 扫读下面的短文，猜测文中划线词的含义。 I am an American boy. My name is Jerry Black. I have a sister, Ginny. We have the same birthday and we are twins. But we are very different. I have a long face with a high nose while she has a round face with a small nose. I like football. But she likes basketball. I like loud music. But she likes light music. My father is a doctor in a hospital. My mother runs（经营）a clothing store. We have another fam