新人教版高中英语必修三Unit1单元语法讲练

新人教版高中英语必修三单元语法讲练Book 3 Unit1动词-ing形式的用法（一）----作定语和表语 动词-ing形式包括动名词和现在分词。动名词既有动词的特征,可以带宾语，又有名词的特征,在句子中的用法及功能与名词的作用相同，可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语；现在分词在句子中可作状语、定语、补足语、表语等成分。动词-ing形式有时态和语态的变化，否定形式在doing之前加not。 一．动词-ing形式的时态和语态 1.一般式 (not)doing (主动) (not)being done（被动） 表示一般性的动作或者是与谓语动词同时发生的动作 Playing with fire is dangerous. 玩火危险。 She didn't mind being left alone at home . 她不介意被一人留在家里。 He stood there waiting for a bus.他站在那里等公交车。 Not knowing how to work out the difficult problem ,he asked the teacher for help . 不知道怎么解决这个难题，他向老师求助。 2.完成式 (not)having done (主动) (not)having been done（被动） 表示动作发生在谓语动词之前 I regret having said some rude words to my brother.我后悔对我弟弟说了些粗话。 Tony was very unhappy for not having been invited to the party. 汤姆因没被邀请参加聚会而不高兴。 Not having finished the work, they had to stay there for another two weeks.没完成工作，他们不得不在那里再呆两周。 Having been told many times, he finally understood it. 说过很多遍后他才理解。 二．动词-ing形式作定语 （一）位置 1. 如果是单个的动词-ing形式作定语, 常放在被修饰词前作前置定语。 There is a swimming pool behind the be