内容正文:
Grammar: Modal verbs
情态动词
How many modal verbs
do you know?
can could
may might
shall should
must
will would
ought to
have to
dare
need
used to
1.没有人称和数
的变化;
2.不能单独作谓语
modal verbs
1. can & could
1) 表示做事情的能力,译为“能够”;
E.g: My mother can speak French fluently.
2) 表示许可,同意,译为“可以”;(= may)
E.g: You can go home now.
3) could 用于否定句中,常表示惊讶的语气;
E.g: How could you do such a silly thing?
4) can not...too/enough表示“无论...也不为过”,“越...越好”
E.g: You can not be too careful.
2. may & might
1) 表示许可,译为“可以”;
E.g: May I come in?
2) 表示推测,译为“可能”,might 常与完成时连用;
E.g: He may be waiting for you at the gate.
3) may/might as well +V原:最好,不妨;
=had better do sth.
E.g: You may as well call him.
3. will & would
1) 表示说话人的意志、意愿和决心;
E.g: I will come back before 9 o'clock.
2) 表示一种习惯性的动作;
E.g: Fish will die without water.
3) would表示过去的一种习惯性动作,也许现在还有这个习惯;used to do sth.表示过去常常做而现在已经没这个习惯了。
4. shall & should
1) shall用于第一、三人称疑问句中,表示征求对方的意见;
E.g: What time shall I pick up you tomorrow?
2) shall 用于第三人称做主语的陈述句中,在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定;
E.g: According to the rules, students shall wear uniforms in the school all the time.
3) should表示说话人的惊奇、愤怒、失望等特殊感情色彩;(= could)
E.g: How should I know where you've left your bag?
5. must
1. 表示必要性,译为“必须”;
2. 用于否定句,表示禁止,译为“不准”;
3. 用于条件状语从句,表示“偏偏,偏要”;
E.g: If you must go, at least wait until the storm is over.
注意:must 表示“必须”。强调主观看法,只有现在时形式;
have to表示“必须,不得不”,着重强调客观需要,能用于更多时态(过去式和将来式)。
E.g: As he had broken his leg, he had to lie in bed.
情态动词的反义疑问句
在反意疑问句中,当附属部分含有表示推测意义的must,can’t时,疑问部分的助动词应与must ,can’t后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致。
1. He must be a worker, ?
2. It must have rained last night, ?
3. You must have learned English for many years,
?
4. He can`t be a teacher, ?
5. She can`t have finished her homework, ?
didn`t it
haven`t you
isn`t he
is he
has she
一、对现在状态、现在正在进行的动作的推测,用“情态动词+动词原形”结构。(can、may、must、should)
E.g: 1) 他在住院,他不可能在校学习。
He is in hospita