人教版八年级下册英语Unit 3 知识点语法归纳总结
Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?
- 短语归纳
① do the dishes 洗餐具 ② take out the trash 倒垃圾 ③ go out 外出 ④ stay out 呆在外面；不在家 ⑤ help out 帮助做完某事 ⑥ at least 至少 ⑦ throw down扔下 ⑧ all the time 一直；反复 ⑨ in surprise 惊讶地 ⑩ as soon as 一......就...... | ⑪ spend......on......在......花费（时间、金钱、精力） ⑫ in order to 为了 ⑬ provide sth. for sb 向某人提供某物 ⑭ depend on 依赖；信赖 ⑮ look after 照顾；照看 ⑯ keep it clean and tidy 保持干净整洁 ⑰ get into 进入 ⑱ take care of 照顾 ⑲ as a result 结果 |
- 典句必背
① Peter, could you please take out the rubbish? 彼得, 请你去倒一下垃圾好吗? ② Could you please sweep the floor? 请你扫一下地好吗? ③ I’m just as tired as you are! 我和你一样累! ④ For one week, she did not do any house work and neither did I. 整整一周她没有做任何家务，我也没有做。 ⑤ They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university. 为了取得好成绩，进入一所好大学，他们应该把他们的时间花在学业上。 ⑥ It is the parents job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children. 在家中为他们的孩子提供一一个干净、舒适的环境是家长们的事情。 ⑦ Children these days depend on their parents too much. 现在的孩子过于依赖他们的家长。 ⑧ Since they live in one house with their parents,they should know that everyone should do their part |
in keeping it clean and tidy. 既然他们与父母同住在一个屋檐之下，他们应该知道每个人都应当尽自己的职责来保持家里干净整洁。 |
- 用法集萃
(1) —Peter, could you please take out the rubbish? 彼得, 请你去倒一下垃圾好吗?
① “Could you please do sth.?”用于委婉地提出请求。
例：—Could you please open the window? 请你开一下窗户好吗?
—Yes, sure. 好的，当然可以。
“Could you please do sth.?”的答语有如下两种情况：
接受请求时 | 可以用Yes, sure./Sure./Of course./ Certainly./ No problem./ With pleasure.等来回答 | —Could you please fold your clothes? 请叠一下你的衣服可以吗? —No problem. 没问题 —Sorry, I can’t. 不好意思，我不行 |
拒绝请求时 | 可以用Sorry./Sorry, I can’t. 等来回答， 还可以用I have to do sth.来解释原因。 | |
注意：“Could you please do sth.?”的否定形式是“Could you please not do sth.?” | ||
② take out the rubbish意为“倒垃圾”，其中take out表示“取出；拿出”
宾语是名词 | 该名词可以位于take和out之间， 也可以位于take out之后 | Please take out the old newspapers. =Please take the old newspapers out. 请把旧报纸拿出去。 |
宾语是代词 | 该代词只能位于take和out之间 | My wallet is in the bag. I have to take it out first. 我的钱包在包里，我得先把它拿出来。 |
(2) Could you please sweep the floor? 请你扫一下地好吗?
sweep the floor 意为“扫地”。其中sweep是动词，意为“扫；打扫”，其过去式和过去分词都是swept。
例：My mother is sweeping the floor at the moment. 我妈妈这会儿正在扫地。
拓展→和“家务劳动“有关的短语有：
take out the rubbish/trash倒垃圾 rubbish (英式); trash (美式) | fold one’s clothes叠衣服 | clean the room打扫房间 |
make one’s/the bed铺床 | do/wash the dishes洗餐具 |
(3) I’m just as tired as you are! 我和你一样累!
as...as...表示“和...一样...”，as..as...之间要用形容词或副词的原级。
例：She is as tall as her elder brother. 她和她哥哥一样高
as..as...的否定结构是not as/so...as...，表示“不如...，比不上...”
例：She is not as/so tall as her elder brother. 她没有她哥哥个子高。
(4) For one week, she did not do any house work and neither did I.
整整一周她没有做任何家务，我也没有做。
本句中的neither did I是neither引导的倒装句。结构是“neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”，
表示“...也不。”
例：—I don’t like pop music我不喜欢流行音乐。
—Neither do I. 我也不喜欢。
so、neither引导的倒装句
结构 | 用法 | 例句 |
so+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语 | 当前面叙述的肯定事实也适用于后者时 | She likes music and so do I. 她喜欢音乐，我也喜欢。 |
neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语 | 当前面叙述的否定事实也适用于后者时 | She hasn’t read it and neither have I. 她没有读它，我也没有读。 |
辨析：both, neither, all, none与either
both | “两者都”both...and...“...和...（两者都）” | Both my father and I are at home. 我和我的爸爸都在家 |
neither | “两者都不”，both的反义词。 | Neither my father nor I am interested in your story. |
