初中高中英语教材衔接--动词的语态(共34张PPT)

第四章 语法衔接 第四节 动词的语态 语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的发出者；被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 如：The story was written by Tom last year. 初高中衔接相关知识 被动语态在中学英语学习中占有重要地位，无论是中考还是高考都是必考内容，其涉及的题型包括选择题、词形变化、缺词填空以及完形填空等，考查方式非常灵活。 一、被动语态的构成： 被动语态的基本构成是“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词+(by)”。be 本身无词义，但有时态、人称和数的变化。by通常紧跟在被动句谓语动词之后，有时也可省。 1、现在： （1）一般现在时 am/is/are + done eg. Many accidents are caused by carelessness. （2）现在进行时 am/is/are + being done eg. The matter is being discussed at the meeting. （3）现在完成时 have/has + been done eg. The little boy has not been found. 2、过去： （1）一般过去时 was/were + done eg. A building was damaged by the storm. （2）过去进行时 was/were + being done eg. She told me a new style was being designed. （3）过去完成时 had been + done eg. She asked whether the tickets had been sold out. （4）过去将来时 should/would be/was(were) going to + done Eg. He hoped that his pictures would be exhibited before long. They announced that a new hotel was going to be rebuilt the next year. 3、将来： 一般将来时 shall/will + be done 或 be going